1. Propaganda methods used by T.V., magazines, and newspapers to persuade
Tools of persuasion
Propaganda methods used by T.V., magazines, and newspapers to persuade

2. THE BANDWAGON EFFECT
Says that most people feel one way about an issue so everyone else should also go along with those people.
Ex: Coca Cola. Millions of soda drinkers cant be wrong.
- If millions of soda drinkers are drinking it then it must be good.
“Hopping on the bandwagon” is the same as doing what “everyone” else is doing.

3. ASSOCIATION
Presents a positive image or idea and tries to make you feel the same way about something else.
Ex. All across the rich, green fields, the towering purple mountains, and glittering cities, Americans are discovering the pleasure or using Smell-Free deodorant.
- the author is using imagery to persuade the reader to use Smell-Free deodorant.

4. ENDORSEMENT
Uses someone who is famous or important to sell an idea. They are a lot like associations, only they use people instead of ideas.
Ex: NBA star Kobe Bryant says, “You can be an All Star too, if you drive the new Chrysler 300.”
-The author used the celebrity name to sell the product.

5. REPETITION
Hopes that saying something over and over again will convince the readers that it is true. Usually involves a catchy phrase used in advertisements.
Ex: Be Cool Eat Gruel! The new gruel flavors are apple-cinnamon and roast turkey. If you have not tried them its not too late! Be Cool Eat Gruel!
-the phrase is catchy and it is repeated at the beginning and the end of the advertisement.

6. NAMECALLING Attacks the person instead of the idea.
Ex: Don’t listen to James Bannister when he tells you to vote for him. He is a mean person who will not listen to any of your ideas.
The author is verbally attacking James Bannister and calling him names to persuade you NOT tom vote for him.

7. STEREOTYPING
Uses widely believed but UNFAIR or UNTRUE images of a group or an individual to make a point. Stereotyping is dangerous because it says that tons of people or ideas are exactly like each other when they are not.
Ex: James Bannister may have all of the younger voters behind him, but all he cares about is video games and rock music.
Saying that all people do or say one thing is using a stereotype.

8. AIR AND REBUT
To tell the other side’s point of view, and then give an argument against it. This is not always propaganda, but in some cases the author can exaggerate the other side’s opinion.
Ex: I think that students should do at least six hours of HW each night. My opponent believes that kids should spend all day watching T.V. and chatting on the computer instead. If kids don’t study, how will they even learn?

9. Try it out: Read the statement and answer the question:
Opera star Veronica Singer says, “ I recommend Tuff Tap claw hammers for all of your construction needs.” This is an example of
A) repetition
B) stereotyping
C)endorsement
D)name calling

10. Try Another
Which of the following would be most likely to use the bandwagon effect?
A) a fictional story
B) a television advertisement
C) a newspaper sports article
D) a television news broadcast

11. Now its your turn… Get with your groups
Think about a commercial, advertisement, or campaign flier that you have seen recently and discuss this with your group.
Come up with an advertisement that uses the example that was given to you.
Be prepared to share the example with the class and we will try to guess the tool of persuasion that you are using.