1. EQ: What caused the colonists to rebel against the King of England?
1.3 Road to Revolution
EQ: What caused the colonists to rebel against the King of England?

2. Video Causes
“The Revolution was effected before the War commenced. The Revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people; a change in their religious sentiments of their duties and obligations… This radical change in the principles, opinions, sentiments, and affections of the people, was the real American Revolution.”
- John Adams, writing in 1818

3. French and Indian War
Video

4. French and Indian War 1754-1763: French and Indian War
Rivalry between France and Britain
Both sides had native allies
Britain and France Fought over:
Control of North America
Fur Trade
DID YOU KNOW?: In Europe, the French and Indian War is known as the Seven Year’s War. War broke out in the colonies and then spread to France and Britain.

6. French and Indian War French and Indian War (cont.)
1st years of the war went badly for the British
French won battle after battle
British forced colonists into the army, seized supplies, & sent soldiers to stay in colonists’ houses
When colonists resisted, more soldiers were sent from England
In 1758: British began winning
In 1759: British took Quebec
(turning point)
1760: France surrendered

7. French and Indian War French and Indian War (cont.)
1763: Treaty of Paris
Ended the Seven Years’ War in Europe & the French and Indian War in North America
Britain gained all French land west of the Mississippi River
including much of what is now Canada
Spain allied with France
Spain gave Florida to Britain
France gave Spain the Louisiana Territory
France kept two islands near Canada and regained some Caribbean islands

9. French and Indian War Result:
British debt = high taxes in the colonies
Britain wanted colonists to help pay expenses generated from war
Proclamation of 1763
Banned all settlement west of Appalachian Mtns.
Those who already lived there must move east

10. Taxation without Representation

12. Taxation British raise taxes 1764: Sugar Act
Stopped colonists from importing goods from anywhere but Great Britain
Merchants protested
Response: Smuggling
Caused the colonist to bring goods into the colonies secretly to avoid paying taxes
British Prime Minister, George Greenville, set up new courts to search warehouses, ships, stores, and even homes for goods they suspected might be smuggled

13. Taxation 1765: Quartering Act
British: “If you’re not going to pay your taxes, you’re going to have to feed and shelter our soldiers.”
House and provide supplies for British soldiers
Colonists must pay for these things
Response:
Colonists despised British “occupation” and the soldiers
Began to hold town meetings

14. Taxation 1765: Stamp Act Taxed paper Stamp showed it had been paid
Newspapers
Pamphlets
Licenses
Legal Documents
Playing Cards

15. Taxation 1765: Stamp Act Response Boycott of British goods
refuse to buy or use
Started the Sons of Liberty
Formed by Samuel Adams
Advocated independence
Protested (some violent)
Stamp Act Congress
Petitioned the king and Parliament for representation in parliament

17. Taxation Result: Parliament repealed the Stamp Act
Boycotts so successful not one stamp was ever sold
Colonial petitions and protests
Ben Franklin presented the protests before House of Commons
"There is not gold and silver enough in the colonies to pay the stamp duty for one year.”
–Benjamin Franklin
"Such another Experiment as the Stamp-Act wou'd produce a general Revolt in America."
- George Mason, 1766.

18. Taxation 1767: Townshend Acts
British trick to cut taxes…replaced it with others
Why? Taxes were used to pay the salaries of the British colonial officials
New import taxes on glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea
Colonists protested… another boycott
March 1770: All repealed except for tax on tea 
DID YOU KNOW: The British used “writs of assistance” to search and seize any home or ship that was suspected of having illegal (untaxed) items.

19. TROUBLE IN Boston

20. Boston 1768: Liberty (ship) seized for having illegal goods
Owned by John Hancock
Response: Violence in Boston
Protested taxes & the seizure of ships
Result: British troops occupy city

21. Boston Mar. 5, 1770: Boston Massacre
Argument between soldiers guarding custom house and crowd
Colonists threw snowballs at a British soldier
British soldiers fired into the crowd
5 people killed
Result: Used as propaganda to increase hatred of British soldiers
Publicity to promote something
advertising that is often deceptive

22. ASSIGNMENT
Comparing Sources: Boston Massacre

25. Boston
Video
1773: Tea Act
Required colonists to buy all tea from the British (East India Company)
Tea was the most important beverage in the colonies
Why do you think colonists preferred to buy more expensive tea on the black market?

26. Boston Dec. 16, 1773: Boston Tea Party
3 Ships were anchored in Boston Harbor
Ordered by governor to unload cargo of tea
Threatened by colonists
Patriots dressed as Native Americans boarded the ships & threw 90,000 lbs. of tea into the harbor
DID YOU KNOW: The modern “Tea Party” movement takes it name from this famous event. What do you think the modern “Tea Party” is against?

27. Political cartoon showing the reaction to the Boston Tea Party

28. More Tea Parties Boston was not the only city to have a “tea party.”
They took place in Charleston, New York, Annapolis, and others.
The burning of the Peggy Stewart in Annapolis.

29. Intolerable Acts

30. Intolerable Acts 1774: Coercive Acts (aka Intolerable Acts)
Boston Port Bill
Closed Boston Harbor until tea paid for
Administration of Justice Act
British officials could not be charged w/a crime
Massachusetts Government Act
Massachusetts charter is revoked
British took over MA gov
Quebec Act
Canada given territory (from VA, CT, & MA)
Result: Colonists formed the 1st Continental Congress

31. 1st Continental Congress

32. First Continental Congress
Philadelphia, 1774: Met to figure out how to counter British actions
Response to Intolerable Acts
56 delegates from 12 colonies (all except Georgia)
Invited by Samuel Adams
Well-educated leaders in their colonies
Included George Washington

33. First Continental Congress
When trade boycotts failed to repeal the Intolerable Acts, some colonists prepared to fight
John Hancock put in charge of the Committee of Safety
Power to call out the militia

35. Video

36. First Continental Congress
Colonists Agreed to:
King George Refused to:
Boycott trade w/ Britain until Acts repealed
Called for colonies to mobilize militias
Declaration of Rights sent to the king
allow colonist representation in Parliament
respond to colonists’ grievances

37. Summarize Your Notes
EQ: What caused the American colonists to rebel against the King of England?
Don’t just list them - Explain the conflict between the colonists and Great Britain

38. Assignment – Revolution POV
Turn your paper into an eyeball.
You are an American colonist OR a British soldier.  Create a drawing that demonstrates how you feel about the other side and how you feel about a specific event leading up to the revolution.
Write a paragraph expressing the opinion of your drawing from the point of view you chose.