1. Parts of a Flower

3. Flowers
Flowers are the reproductive structures of a flowering plant.  Flowers are the primary structures used in grouping plant families.
Function:
Reproduction – beginning with pollination and fertilization
Advertisements and rewards to lure pollinators

4. Parts of a Flower A flower is made up of rings
The outermost ring is made of SEPAL
The next ring inside of the sepal are the PETALS
Inside the petals are a ring of STAMEN
And last, in the CENTER of the flower is the PISTIL

5. Pistil Stigma – Sticky surface on top of pistil that traps pollen
The Pistil is the Female reproductive organ of a flower.
The Pistil produces the Female sex cells called ovules (egg cells).
Stigma – Sticky surface on top of pistil that traps pollen
Style – Tube-like structure that connects stigma to ovary
Ovary – Found at bottom of flower, contains ovules. Turns into fruit.
Ovules – Female sex cells that gets fertilized by pollen

6. Ovules
Pistil
Stigma
Style
Ovary

7. Stamen
Stamen are the Male reproductive organs of a flower.
The stamen produce the Male sex cells called pollen cells.
Anther – Located on top of the stamen, pollen is created and stored here
Filament – Located on the stamen, thread-like stalk that supports anther

8. Ovary
Ovules
Stamen
Anther
Filament

9. Petals Usually colorful petal-like structures making up the “flower”
Surrounds reproductive structures
Collectively called the corolla  
They may contain perfume and nectar glands. 

10. Ovary
Petals
Ovules

11. Sepals Sepal are found at the base of the flower
Sepal look like green petals
Sepals help protect the developing bud
Collectively called calyx

12. Sepals
Ovary
Ovules

13. Perfect Flower vs. Imperfect Flower
Perfect Flower- Both male and female reproductive parts are found on the flower
Imperfect Flower – Only male or female parts are found on a flower
Pistillate  – Flowers containing only female parts
Staminate – Flowers containing only male parts

14. Pollen Male sex cell Normally a powder found on the anther
A sugary substance that attracts insects
Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma
Seeds can only be produced when pollen is transferred between flowers of the same species

15. How does pollen get from one flower get from one flower to another?
Flowers must rely on vectors to move pollen.
These vectors can include
wind,
Water
Birds
Insects
Butterflies
Bats
other animals that visit flowers.
We call animals or insects that transfer pollen from plant to plant “pollinators”.

16. Pollination
Pollination is usually the unintended consequence of an animal’s activity on a flower
Pollen from the anthers of Flower 1 is deposited on the stigma of Flower 2. 0nce on the stigma, pollen may “germinate,” which means that a “pollen tube” forms on the sticky surface of the stigma and grows down into the ovule of the plant.
This growth can result in:
Successful fertilization (pollen unites with ovule) of the flower and the growth of seeds and fruit; or,
A plant can be only partially fertilized, in which the fruit and/or seeds do not fully develop; or,
The plant can completely fail to be pollinated, and may not reproduce at all.

17. Self Pollination vs. Cross Pollination
Self-pollinating - the plant can fertilize itself
Cross-pollinating - the plant needs a vector (a pollinator or the wind) to get the pollen to another flower of the same species.

18. Sexual reproduction in a flowering plant has FOUR main stages
Pollination: This is when pollen lands on a new flower
Fertilization: This is when the pollen and ovules meet to create a seed
Seed dispersal: This is when the seed is spread around, away from the plant that made it
Germination : This is when the seed opens up and begins to sprout.