1. “Factory Belt,” now “Rust Belt”

2. The Second Industrial Revolution (1870 – 1914)
An era of unprecedented economic growth in the U.S.
By 1900, the U.S. becomes the world’s largest economy, producing 35% of the world’s manufactured goods.
How does this happen?
[1] Natural Resources
[2] Population Growth
1860 – 1910, the U.S. population tripled.
What fueled this population growth?
Larger families …
Immigration …
Larger population helps business in two ways …

3. The Second Industrial Revolution (1870 – 1914)
How does this happen?
[3] Urbanization - Population growth occurs in cities
90% of industrialization occurred in cities.
More than 90% of immigrants settled in cities.

5. The Second Industrial Revolution (1870 – 1914)
The "Refrigerator Car" American Football Clothes Hanger Can Opener Feather Duster JEANS! Automated Fire Sprinkler The SPORK! Electric Dental Drill The Airbrush The Phonograph Thermostat The Machine Gun
The Tattoo Machine
How does this happen?
[4] An Age of Inventions
Strong patent laws …
In the years following the Civil War …
In the forty years following the war, there would be more than 400,000 patents granted in America alone! 

6. Age of Steel Bessemer Process … Railroads Farm Equipment Skyscrapers
Suspension Bridges

7. Urbanization
1 Jan The Brooklyn Bridge, completed in 1883, linking Manhattan to Brooklyn
1 Jan 1885 – Chicago’s Home Insurance Building, called a “skyscraper,” because its top seemed to touch the sky
1 Jan 1887 – First electric street car, Richmond, VA.
1890 – 1 in 3 American live in cities

8. Age of Electricity Assembly Lines Factory Lighting
Electric street cars
Soon, other advances because of electricity

9. Benefits from Electricity
The average work week declines:
69.7 hours per week in 1860 (includes farming)
61.7 hours in 1890
54.9 hours in 1910
By 1910, less pollution and safer working / living conditions
More consistent form of energy & lighting
Eventually, more recreation & longer days of activity!!

10. “Factory Belt,” now “Rust Belt”
“Industrial Triangle”