1. Add Factors affecting rate of reactions:
Concentration
Surface Area – add nanotech lab: Effect of Size on reactions
Lycopodium powder demo
Cool Ice Cube Race Experiment Demo
Surface Area of Blocks Calculation Acitivity
Alka-Seltzer Tablet vs Powder Lab
Temperature

2. Types of Chemical Rxns

3. Composition (Synthesis) Rxns
Two or more substances react to form a single, more complex substance.
Examples:
2 Hg + O2
2HgO
2Ag + S
Ag2S
Movie of Potassium + Bromine

4. Decomposition Reactions
A Complex Substance is Broken Down
(usually by heating) into 2 or more smaller substances
____thermic
endo
Examples
MnO2
Which Side does energy term go on? 2
KClO3 + heat 2
KCl + O2 3 ªH
BaCl2  2H2O
BaCl2 + 2H2O
MnO2 2
H2O2 (aq) 2
H2O (l) + O2 (g)
+ heat
Movie of Nitrogen TriIodide

5. Single Replacement Rxns
A single element takes the place of another element in a compound
Examples:
Zn + HCl 2
H2 + ZnCl2
Cu + AgNO3 2 2
Ag + Cu(NO3)2
Movie of Thermite Reaction

7. Double Replacement Rxn Sometimes called Exchange or Metathesis Rxns
The ions in two aqueous compounds swap partners
Examples:
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)
AgCl(9) + NaNO3(aq)
Calcium chloride + Potassium Nitrate
Potassium chloride + Calcium nitrate
See formula
Movie of sodium iodide + lead(II) nitrate

8. CaCl2(aq) + KNO3(aq) 2 2
KCl(aq) + Ca(NO3)2(s)
Back

9. A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide
Combustion Rxns
A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide
Usually used for the large amount of heat given off!
___thermic
Balancing Tip: Do carbon 1st, then hydrogen, then oxygen
Examples:
CH4 + O2 2 2
H2O + CO2 + heat
exo
C2H5OH + O2 3 3
H2O CO2 + heat 2

10. Combustion Rxns Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon
Most reactions that we think of as ‘burning’ a
fuel are combustion reactions
Examples:
Burning a log of Wood to heat your s’mores
Burning Coal to heat water to create electricity at a power plant
Grilling with Propane to heat your hot dog
Burning Gasoline in your car to heat the air and push pistons
Burning Oil in your furnace to heat your house
Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon

11. Some downsides to combustion reactions:
Combustion Rxns
Some downsides to combustion reactions:
Fossil Fuels are non-renewable resources
We are using them much faster than they are being produced
Eventually, we will run out of fossil fuels

12. Some downsides to combustion reactions:
Combustion Rxns
Some downsides to combustion reactions:
CO2 is a greenhouse gas and increasing CO2 levels contributes to global warming –
(others are methane, water vapor, ozone, nitrous oxide)
Our widespread burning of fossil fuels over the last hundred years has increased the earth’s CO2 levels

13. Some downsides to combustion reactions:
Combustion Rxns
Some downsides to combustion reactions:
Combustion will be “incomplete” when not enough oxygen is present
Complete Combustion
Hydrocarbon + O2 
Incomplete combustion results in CO, Carbon (soot), and nitrous oxides
Hydrocarbon + O2  C + CO +H2O + CO2
CO is poisonous
Nitrous oxides are bad for the environment (acid rain, smog)
H2O
+ CO2

14. None of these “fixes” cuts
Combustion Rxns
What can be done?
Incomplete combustion can be improved by better designed burners / engines
Catalytic converters in vehicle reduce CO
“Scrubbers” placed in industrial exhaust systems can reduce nitrous oxides and CO
None of these “fixes” cuts
down or removes
CO2 emissions
Balancing Combustion

18. Identify each reaction type (sr, dr, comp , decomp, combust)+ + B) + O2 C H H C O2 C) O + + D) + E) + +

19. A Closer Look: Composition Rxns
Aluminum + oxygen
Calcium oxide + water
Sulfur + oxygen

20. More Composition Rxns Sn + O2 -----> Sodium + chlorine---->
SO3 + H2O >
Lithium oxide + water-->
Silicon + oxygen

21. More Composition Rxns Answers
Sn + O >SnO2
2Na + Cl2 ---> 2NaCl
SO3 + H2O > H2SO4
Li2O + H2O > 2LiOH
Si + O > SiO2

22. Decomposition Rxns
CuSO4  5H2O
NaHCO3
HNO3

23. More Decomposition Rxns
Na2CO3 ---->
MgO ----->
MgSO4  7H2O ---->
Sr(NO3)2 ---->
H2CO3 ---->

24. More Decomposition Rxns (Answers)
Na2CO3 ----> Na2O + CO2
2MgO -----> 2Mg + O2
MgSO4*7H2O ----> MgSO4 + 7H2O
Sr(NO3)2 ----> Sr(NO2)2 + O2
H2CO3 ----> H2O + CO2

25. Warm-Up: Complete and Balance
C2H O2 
CO H2O 2 3
7 oxygens
Can I get 7
Oxygens here?

26. 5 PBJ Sandwiches = ____ slices of bread
Balancing Combustion Rxns
5 PBJ Sandwiches = ____ slices of bread 10

27. 5 half PBJ Sandwiches = ____ slices of bread
Balancing Combustion Rxns
5 half PBJ Sandwiches = ____ slices of bread 5
5 pairs x ½ = 5 singles

28. 5 half O2 molecules = ____ atoms of O
Balancing Combustion Rxns
5 half O2 molecules = ____ atoms of O 5
5 pairs x ½ = 5 singles

29. 7/2 O2 molecules = ____ atoms of O
Balancing Combustion Rxns
7/2 O2 molecules = ____ atoms of O 7
7 pairs x ½ = 7 singles

30. Warm-Up: Complete and Balance
C2H O2 
CO H2O 7 2 2 3
7 oxygens
Total of 7 O’s

31. Your Turn:
Complete # on Page 14 in your packet