1. PP4 - The Endocrine System

2. What is the endocrine system?
The other body system responsible for the control and coordination of all of your body systems
It plays a role in things such as:
Regulating mood
Growth and development
Digestion and absorption of food
Reproduction

3. Main characteristics
The endocrine system is in charge of body processes that occur slowly.
- e.g body growth
Includes the ENDOCRINE GLANDS and HORMONES
The endocrine glands produce hormones.

4. Main characteristics
The hormones act as chemical messengers and travel through the bloodstream to specific areas.
Hormones can act on the whole body, specific body systems or individual organs

5. System overview

6. Endocrine Glands - Pituitary gland (pit-YOU-it-tree) - Thyroid gland
GLAND: a group of cells that produces or secretes hormones
Examples of glands:
- Pituitary gland (pit-YOU-it-tree)
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid gland
- Pancreas
- Adrenal
- Ovaries
- Testes

7. The pituitary gland Referred to as ‘the master gland’
This is because it controls all of your endocrine glands
Example: the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland initiates the release of hormones from the thyroid gland

8. Class Brainstorm How many hormones can you think of?
Write them down in your book 
If you’re struggling to think of some, work with a partner quietly

9. Major hormones
Insulin – converts sugar (glucose) into a storage form (glycogen)
Glucagon – converts the storage form of sugar (glycogen) into sugar (glucose)
Oxytocin – contraction of the uterus during child birth and breast milk production
Antidiuretic hormone – retention of water in the body

10. Major hormones
Human growth hormone – stimulates growth (height, bone length and muscle growth)
Adrenalin – acts upon our hearts to pump faster
Testostorone – development of male reproductive tissues, growth of body hair, increase muscle and bone mass
Oestrogen – development of female reproductive tissues, growth of body hair, menstrual cycle.

11. Hormones in action: Insulin
The endocrine gland that produces insulin is the pancreas

12. Key Characteristics NERVOUS SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Messages are received very fast
Takes longer for messages to be received
Effects of the response are short-lasting
Effects of the response are long-lasting
Message travels via neurons
Message travels via the bloodstream or ducts
Act only on muscles and glands
Can act on the whole body, body systems and individual organs

13. Key Differences in control
NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS:
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CONTROLS:
Muscle movement
Glucose levels in blood
Senses
Water levels in body
Heartbeat
Glucose breakdown in cells (cellular respiration)
Breathing
Heat production
Digestion
Sexual maturity
Memory
Sperm and egg production
Speech
Growth of cells and tissues

14. Interesting Fact
The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland.

15. Endocrine Poster Activity
Working either in pairs or by yourself, create a poster of the human endocrine system.
Make sure to include:
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Adrenals
Ovaries and/or testes
Next to each gland, list the hormones it produces
You may wish to use this website to research the answers