1. Everything known in Science (Universe)
Matter
has mass ( measure of how much)
has volume (takes up space)
Energy
cause change / do work

2. Matter - always built from Atoms
Atoms – smallest complete units of matter (animation)
Atoms - made of 3 smaller (subatomic) particles
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

3. Nucleus = center
Electrons orbit around the Nucleus
in a 360 degree sphere

4. Matter - always built from Atoms

5. These links will lead to atom size scale animations.
These quick videos will help with sub-atomic particles.
Basic Atomic Structure 1:57 great coverage of subatomic particles
Dogs teaching Atoms 1:49

6. Helium atom

7. Helium atom

8. Build Atom Model
Carbon
Protons 6
Neutrons 6
Electrons 6

9. Element = a pure collection of the exact same type of atoms.
This is a model of …????
Element = a pure collection of the exact same type of atoms.
Pure = only one type of atom is present
Because they are built on the smallest whole unit of matter…the atom…
Elements cannot be broken down into different simpler substances !!!!

10. Periodic table of the Elements
Different atoms become the foundation for different elements

11. Periodic Table Sort

16. What is the symbol that represents the element Carbon?
The capital letter ‘C’
What is the symbol that represents the element Helium?
The capital letter ‘H’ followed by a lowercase ‘e’
The symbol for an element will ALWAYS START WITH A CAPITAL letter
and…
it will have only ONE capital letter…(it may have a lower case letter).

17. Is this a model for an Element?
No…it’s got more than one type of atom

18. This is the compound - H2O
Compounds = two or more elements
that are chemically bonded together
Because the different types atoms are chemically bonded…
Compounds are NOT MIXTURES!
The properties of a compound are different than those of the element from with they are formed.
EX: Hydrogen an explosive gas…Oxygen a clear gas that supports combustion.
H2O – clear liquid that puts out fire!

19. TWO OR MORE ! H2O NaCl H2O NaCl C12H22O11
This model for has lines to help
show that the elements H and O are
chemically bonded together.
Think of these bonds as the energy bonds required to hold the elements together.
Compounds have more than one element chemically bonded by energy…
so…how many capital letters must be in their formula????
TWO OR MORE !
H2O
H2O
NaCl
NaCl
C12H22O11

21. Elements represented using the alphabet as symbols.
Compounds are represented by FORMULAS
The formula is a recipe for on molecule that shows what elements are chemically bonded together in the compound.
EX: H2O = 2 Hydrogen bonded with 1 oxygen
CO2 = 1 Carbon bonded with 2 oxygen.
Because they are made from two or more types of atoms….compounds can be broken into simpler substances.

22. Practice Sc CH4 K2 CO2 C8H10N4O2 # of Capitals # of Elements Total #Or
Compound
Symbol or
Formula
Total #
Atoms Sc
CH4 K2
CO2
C8H10N4O2

23. Sc CH4 K2 CO2 C8H10N4O2 Practice KEY 1 E 2 C 5 3 4 24 S F # of
Capitals
# of Elements
Element Or
Compound
Symbol or
Formula
Total #
Atoms Sc  1  E S
CH4  2  C F  5 K2
CO2  3
C8H10N4O2  4
 24

24. Can a compound be pure?
Sure…as long as only that compound is present. If it’s all H2O…it’s pure

25. What about a Mixture?
A mixture is made up of many different kinds of atoms and molecules.
Mixtures form when two or more substances combine physically, but are not chemically bonded together.
EX: peanuts and M&M’s in the same bowl.
The parts can be separated relatively easily.

26. Summary – Element vs. Compound
Elements are represented by SYMBOLS.
They always Start w/capital & have only one capital.
EX: O = Oxygen
Fe = Iron
Because they are made from one type of atom…Elements cannot be broken down into different simpler substances !!!!
Compounds are represented by FORMULAS
The formula is a recipe that shows what elements are chemically bonded together in the compound.
EX: H2O = 2 Hydrogen bonded with 1 oxygen
CO2 = 1 Carbon bonded with 2 oxygen.
Because they are made from two or more types of atoms….compound can be broken into simpler substances.

27. Which is an element? Which is a compound?B
A = Element
One type of atom
B = Compound
More than one
type of element

28. Video Review Atoms, Molecules, Elements and Compounds
BBC 9:11

31. Which is pure? A B
Both !

32. Are these containers pure?B
NO !