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Chapter 5 plate tectonics review
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According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift,
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass, fossils matched on continents that fit together, and climates were similar.
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the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago
What is Pangaea? the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago
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Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a
fossil
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What technology did scientists use in the mid-1900’s to map the mid-ocean ridge?
sonar
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In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along ______
mid-ocean ridges
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Old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust because it is
cool
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Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by
Convections in the mantle
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The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of Plate tectonics
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A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
Transform boundary
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A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a
Mountain range
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The hypothesis of _________________________ was that all the continents once were joined as a single supercontinent and have since drifted apart. Continental Drift
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The process of _________________________ continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge. Sea-floor spreading
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Subduction occurs where the oceanic crust bends down toward the mantle at a(n) _________________________. Deep ocean trench
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The lithosphere is broken into sections called ____________________, which float on top of the asthenosphere. plates
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When continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary on land, a(n) ____________________ forms.
Rift valley
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If subduction occurs faster than oceanic crust can be created, an ocean will ________.
shrink
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Oceanic crust near the mid-ocean ridge is ________ than oceanic crust farther away from the ridge.
younger
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Alfred Wegener provided evidence from landforms, fossils, and climate in support of his theory of_____________ Continental Drift
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Mid-ocean ridges form the _________ mountain ranges on Earth.
longest
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Along a __________ Boundary, two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions.
Transform
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Why are scientists unable to predict exactly when an earthquake will occur?
There is no way to determine when stress along a fault will be released.
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Most _______ boundaries where plates move apart occur along the mid-ocean ridges.
Divergent
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What kind of a boundary forms at a subduction zone (where the plates come together)?
Convergent Boundary
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