1. 1. Have something to write with out on your desk.
BELLRINGER: 12/2 & 12/5
1. Have something to write with out on your desk.
2. Take about 5 minutes to review for your Persian Wars/Golden Age quiz.

2. After your quiz… 1. Turn the quiz into your class drawer.
2. Update your ToC:
Page 62: Persian Wars/Golden Age Quiz
Page 63: Notes – Greek Culture
Page 64: Odyssey and Greek Values Worksheet
3. Write down your HW:
Read pages in your ANCIENT WORLD textbook and take notes

3. Foundations of Greek Culture

4. Role of Stories Greek culture is based on stories
Mythology: stories about the world, the gods, and the past
The Homeric Epics (Iliad and Odyssey): stories about heroes and about what it means to be Greek

5. Homeric Epics Epic = long poem about a hero, important to a culture
Homer = probable author, lived around 750 BCE
Events took place around 1250 BCE (the Mycenaean time)
Two poems: Iliad and Odyssey

6. The Iliad A story about the Trojan War
King Agamemnon of Mycenae’s wife Helen is taken by a prince (Paris) from Troy in Asia Minor captures Helen, the beautiful wife of a Greek king
A huge Greek army attacks Troy, led by Agamemnon, the king of Mycenae
Trojan War starts
How big was the army?

7. The Iliad
After 10 years surrounding the city, the Greeks trick their way into Troy and destroy the city
How?
Learn a lot about what Greeks wanted in heroes and leaders

8. The Odyssey
After winning the Trojan War, a Greek king, Odysseus, tries to go home, but angers the gods – becomes a 10 year journey home
It takes him 10 years and many trials to reach his wife and son
Learn about Greek life at home, what they value in husbands and fathers

9. Not Just Stories Homeric epics are more than stories, they are history
Everything was bigger and everyone was stronger and better
This shapes how Greeks view themselves and what they value

10. What qualities of the Iliad and Odyssey make it an epic poem?
They both have a hero
Both display important Greek values
Both still part of Greek culture

11. Ancient Greek Values

12. Greek Values 1. Respect the gods 2. Family 3. Arete (valor or virtue)
4. Agon (competition)
5. Kleos aphthiton (undying glory)

13. Respect the Gods The gods are like high schoolers Jealous Petty
Easily angered
And they hold grudges
Don’t make them angry, or you will pay
Myths tell you how to act
They are called gods for a reason

14. Family
Loyal to their family and friends, welcome guests as temporary family members
Examples:
Greeks fight for 10 years to get Helen back in the Iliad, led by Helen’s husband’s brother
Odysseus travels for 10 years to return home to his wife, who remains faithful

15. Arete Your value or worth, your moral excellence Examples:
Warriors and athletes honored in the Iliad and Odyssey
Celebration of Odysseus’ and Penelope’s intelligence

16. Agon
Competition or conflict, whether in sport, battle, or conversation. The Greeks love to compete
Examples:
Constant athletic challenges throughout the Iliad and Odyssey
Olympic Games

17. Kleos Aphthiton
Undying glory – the ultimate goal for the Ancient Greeks was to be remembered forever
Examples:
Achilles (Iliad): you know how he died
Kings trying to be the most powerful
Olympic athletes
Spartan warriors

18. Greek Art/Architecture

19. Greek Columns
The Greeks adopted post and lintel from the Egyptians modifying and developing their own style of column or order decoration
There are three types of Greek columns--which are still used today.

20. 1.Doric The first of the Greek order (the oldest)
Less ornate detailing at the top

21. 2. Ionic The second Greek order (the middle)
2nd oldest kind of column in Greece
Scroll-like detailing at the top

22. 3.Corinthian The third type of the Greek order
Most ornate detail work at the top

23. Greek Buildings Many Greek buildings remain in partial standing
These buildings and styles influenced Roman architecture that followed.

24. Acropolis Main temple complex in Athens—and Greece
Includes the Parthenon
Built by Pericles; “Golden Age of Athens”

26. Parthenon
Athena’s Temple at the Acropolis

27. Greek Philosophy

28. The Three Most Famous Philosophers
Socrates Plato Aristotle

29. Socrates 469 - 399 B.C. Encouraged students to think Dialectic method
Conversational
Based upon reason and logic
Socrates’ approach was more rigorous and was the forerunner of logic.
Most famous student: Plato
Placed on trial for impiety and corrupting the youth
Was executed in 399 – drank poison hemlock

30. Socrates B.C.
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

31. Socrates 469 - 399 B.C. Socratic Method: Admit ignorance.
Never rely on tradition.
Continuously question.
Formulate your own opinions.
Test your opinions with others.

32. Plato B.C.
Preserved and perpetuated the work of Socrates
Most important source of info on Socrates
Founded the Academy
Wrote dialogues
The Republic – most important dialogue
“Those things which are beautiful are also difficult.”

33. Aristotle 384 - 322 B.C. Most famous student of Plato
teacher of Alexander the Great
Developed Logic as a field of study
Devised a complex system of classification (think scientific names)
Used in biology
Views on Government

34. Aristotle 384 - 322 B.C. Views on Government 3 Good Governments:
Monarchy
Aristocracy
Democracy
3 Bad Governments:
Tyranny
Oligarchy
Mob Rule

35. Greek Mathematicians

36. Pythagoras B.C.
The universe could only be understood thru numbers.
Famous for the Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2

37. Hippocrates 460-377 B.C. Founded a school of medicine
Rejected that sickness comes from the gods
Studied symptoms of illnesses
“Holistic” healing
The Hippocratic Oath

38. Euclid c.300 B.C. One of the most prominent mathematicians
Wrote The Elements
Widely used till about 1903.
2nd only to the Bible in numbers of translations, publications, and study
Greek – Arabic – Latin