1. Honors Modern World EUROPEAN HISTORY Lesson #5 English Reformation
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3. House of Lancaster
House of York
House of Tudor
The “Tudor Rose”

4. King Henry’s opinion of the Protestants
Defense of the Seven Sacraments – Henry’s book
"But that others may understand how false and wicked his doctrine is, lest they might be so far deceived as to have a good opinion of him, I doubt not but in all parts there are very learned men… Seeing, therefore, he despiseth all men and believes none, he ought not to take it ill if everybody discredit him again. “
Pope: DEFENDER OF THE FAITH

5. Henry VIII Henry VIII was much more “fun” than his dad
He went hunting, and competed against other kings in tournaments
He had lots of girlfriends, too
But, he was OBSESSED with having sons
He died with only one… a sickly young boy
All three of Henry VIII’s kids became kings (monarchs) of England
First Edward
Then “Bloody” Mary
Then Elizabeth “the Virgin Queen

6. The “King’s Great Matter”
As Catherine grew old, and her body became exhausted with failed pregnancies… and almost 40 years old
And Henry NEEDED sons
Why?
Why would he be refused a divorce?
The Pope was currently a captive of the Holy Roman Emperor, who was also the King of Spain. Why will this add to Henry’s problem? 1m

7. Henry once showed disdain for the Protestant Reformation
WHY?
How will he now USE that (once disdainful) Protestant Reformation for his own needs?

8. How is Henry’s plan to break from the Church NOT AT ALL a personal thing, and was actually a responsible move from a Machiavellian ruler?

9. Henry’s options in 1522 Marry off Mary – hope she’d have a son
But, she was young – only 11
Just declare Mary the next monarch
But, England had no history of this
Legitimize one of his sons
Gave Henry Fitzroy title “Duke of Richmond”
Not accepted by other royals
Find a new wife

10. WHAT’S HENRY’S BEST OPTION?

11. Solution the The King’s Great Matter
Act of Supremacy
Problems…
Henry was a loyal Catholic
“Defense of the Seven Sacraments
Went to mass several times/day
Would alienate England
Would alienate the King from Catholics
Including Thomas More

12. Act of Supremacy Anne gave birth to Eliz. In Sept.
Henry was still married to Catherine
Four months later, marriage was annulled by Archbishop of Canterbury
Parliament legislated Act in 1534
CHURCH OF ENGLAND was born

13. The Church of England “Anglican” No doctrinal changes under Henry
Henry closed down monasteries
Sold the land to supporters
Executed all who opposed him
Including Thomas More
Wrote Six Articles

14. IN WHAT WAYS WAS HENRY NOT AT ALL SELFISH WITH THIS MOVE?
Henry remained a loyal Catholic to the day of his death
When he died, he did have a rightful heir…

15. Edward VI 1547-1553 Book of Common Prayer (1549)
Dismantled images and altars
Destroyed stained glass, shines, statues
Vestments prohibited
Clergy encouraged to marry
Processions banned
DOCTRINE BECAME PROTESTANT
Justification by Faith
Denied transubstantiation
Supremacy of Scripture; reduced to two sacraments

16. EDWARD became king at age 10
He didn’t do much, and then…
he died at age 16
His advisors made most of his decisions for him
He was too young and too sickly to do much, including get married, so
He had no kids
So, power passed to Henry’s next son…
OH NO! – THERE ARE NO MORE SONS! – what to do?!

17. TUDOR ENGLISH FAMILY TREE
Henry VII
Elizabeth of York
Margaret
Mary
Jane Seymour
Henry
Arthur
Catherine
of Aragon
ANNE BOLYN
DIVORCED
BEHEADED
Edward
Mary
Elizabeth
“Bloody” Mary
“Bess”

18. Issue of Henry VIII Edward VI Jane Grey Mary I Elizabeth I
Raised as a true Protestant
Reformed the Church of England
Died young
Jane Grey
Jane of Nine Days
Mary I
Bloody Mary
Elizabeth I
Queen Bess
The Virgin Queen

20. Mary I 1553-1558 Eliminated Jane (Cousin) Repealed Act of Supremacy
Restored the Church
Reversed Edward’s changes
Married Philip II of Spain 1554 (prince)
Banned Protestants
Killed 287 Protestants
“Bloody Mary”
Show first 2m

21. Mary became queen when she was older
She was raised a Catholic
When she became queen, she brought the Catholic Church back
She married Philip of Spain
She killed anyone who protested
Protestants would later called her “BLOODY MARY”
because she killed so many protestants
She died after five years – no kids

22. Elizabeth I 1558-1603 (45 years) Mom was Anne Boleyn
Elizabethan Settlement
Act of Supremacy – 1559
Act of Uniformity – 1559
Return to Edward’s church
Refused to marry Philip II
Supported Dutch rebellion against Spanish control (7,000 English troops to Netherlands)

23. Elizabeth I
“Politique”: put political leadership in front of religious beliefs
Tolerant of Puritans (purify the church)
Repelled Spanish Armada (1588)
Executed Mary, Queen of Scots