1. WWII Notes Packet

2. Hitler Crushes Europe:
In 2 months, Hitler Conquers most of Europe
Maginot Line: System of heavily armed bunkers along German/French border

3. Battle of Britain The Blitz
Name for German’s constant bombing of London

4. American Policies Help the Allies Stay out of Europe’s problems
Isolationism
Interventionism
Stay out of Europe’s problems
Help the Allies

5. First peace time draft in U.S. history
Selective Service Act
First peace time draft in U.S. history

6. Lend-Lease:
President got the right to sell, lend or lease military supplies to any nation for “defense purposes”

7. Atlantic charter
Joint public statement between Roosevelt and Churchill.

8. Japanese Threat Increases
UN: United Nations
Alliance: Japan made an alliance with Germany and Italy

9. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
They promised to defend one another if attacked by the United States

10. U.S. Responds U.S. slowed then eventually stopped trade
Yamamoto’s Plan: He suggested a direct attack on pearl harbor

11. Mobilizing the Home Front
4 Freedoms
1. Freedom of Speech and Expression
2. Freedom of Worship
3. Freedom from Want
4. Freedom from Fear

12. Office of Civilian Defense
Slogan was “An hour a day for the U.S.A”

13. War Production Board
Their job to exercise general responsibility over the nation’s economy

14. Gross National Product
Dollar value of all goods and services produced

15. Wartime economy Inflation: General rise in wages and prices
Rationing: Coupons were needed to purchase many goods such as meat and butter

16. Paying for a costly war: Income tax now paid by everyone
War Bonds: Certificates that promise the government would pay the holder the amount borrowed plus interest after the war is over.

17. Labor Unions Labor Unions: issued a no strike pledge
New Workers: About 6 million women joined the workforce

18. Japanese Internment Camps
Purpose: Round up 120,000 Americans of Japanese heritage and putting them into one of 10 internment camps.
Interment camps: also called relocation camps

19. Locations
10 total in the states of California, Iowa, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, and Colorado

20. Pearl Harbor’s effects: Last straw
Camp Conditions
Food: Rationed 48 cents a day
Nisei: American born Japanese
Homes: tarpaper covered barracks

21. Court Cases Hirabayashi vs. United States Koremats vs. United States
Rights not violated
Rights not violated

22. Important Years & statistics
Last Camp: Closed by 1945
Nisei: 5,766 renounced their citizenship
1968: Government gave reparations for lost property
1988: Govt. gave 20,000 to each surviving internee

23. December 7, 1941: Pearl Harbor attacked
Pearl Harbor was attacked
Minorities in uniform: Many African Americans joined the war effort as cooks or laborers.

24. Germany’s policy changes towards the Soviet Union
Beginning of the War
Germany and Soviet Union sign a non aggression pact
Later during war
Pact broken: in 1942 when Germany attacks Russia.
Battle of Stalingrad: More Russians died in one battle than the number of U.S. deaths in the whole war.
1942: Risky assault on north africa

25. General Erwin Rommel Nicknamed the “desert fox”
Invasion: allies invaded Europe through N. Africa then Sicily
1943: Italy announces unconditional surrender

26. D-Day: Codename Operation Overlord
U.S. feared triple peril: attacks from
Above (planes)
Surface
Below (subs)

27. European Front
Sonar Technology: used sound waves to locate and sink U-boats
Battle of the Bulge: Last great German offensive… Allies won and entered Germany

28. Holocaust: Great Destruction
Hitler’s final solution: were Death Camps
About 6 million Jewish men, women and children were massacred.
About 6 million Slavs, Gypsies, Communists, homosexuals and other civilians also murdered.

29. Roosevelt to Truman
Victory in Europe: is being led by the United States and Soviet Union
Roosevelt dies April 12, 1945: Truman becomes President

30. Island hopping: U.S. strategy to capture key islands and build bases on them
Guadalcanal: U.S. victory paves the way for more to follow
Atomic bombs:
“little boy” dropped on Hiroshima
2nd bomb dropped on Nagasaki