1. General Classification
Soft-rayed fish
Dorsal fin is without hard spines
Usually have only 1 dorsal fin
Adipose fin: small, fatty fin near caudal fin
Ex. Trout

2. General Classification
Spiny-rayed fish
Hard, sometimes sharp spines in dorsal fin
Ex. Yellow Perch

5. Pennsylvania Fish Species
160 Native to PA
Study of fish biology:
Ichthyology

6. General Characteristics
Ectothermic: temperature of surroundings affects internal temperature and functions

7. TEMPERATURE!!!!!
What ONE factor determines which species can survive in a certain body of water?

8. 3 Main Temperature Groups:
Cold water-< 70 degrees F
(TROUT)
Cool water-- > 60 <80 degrees F
(Walleye, Muskellunge)
Warm water-- > 80 degrees F
(Channel Catfish, Largemouth Bass)

9. General Characteristics
Water temperature and dissolved oxygen are related
Higher water temperature, Lower DO
Lower water temperature, Higher DO

10. Channel Catfish

11. Channel Cat

12. Northern Hogsucker

13. Northern Hogsucker

14. Muskellunge

15. MUSKIE

16. Brook Trout

17. Brook Trout

18. Brown Trout

19. Brown Trout

20. Rainbow Trout

21. Rainbow Trout

23. Pumpkinseed Sunfish

24. Pumpkinseed

25. Bluegill

26. Bluegill

27. Jeff Ziegler’s 1 out of 38 fish released in Lake Arthur!!!!
$5,000 Blue Gill
1 out of 38 fish
released in
Lake Arthur!!!!

28. Black Crappie

29. Crappie

30. Largemouth Bass

31. Largemouth Bass

33. Yellow Perch

34. Yellow Perch

35. Paddlefish
Feeding Video

36. Paddlefish

37. Walleye

38. Walleye

39. Striped Bass (Temperate Bass Family)

40. Striped Bass

41. Carp

44. Carp

45. Spillway Linesville
Carp Spillway

47. Creek Chub

48. Creek Chub

49. Bluntnose Minnow

50. Bluntnose Minnow

51. American Eel

52. American Eel

54. Fish Adaptations: Scales
Hard, sometimes colorful, overlapping plates
Provides protection from predators and disease/ infection

55. 4 Types of Scales
1. Placoid: rectangular base, under the skin, spines project to the surface of the skin
New scales are added, do not grow with the fish
Examples: sharks, skates, rays

56. Shark: Placoid Scales

57. Skate: Placoid Scales

58. Ray: Placoid Scales

59. 4 Types of Scales
2. Ganoid: rhombus shape, connected by peg and socket joints
Do not grow with fish, new ones are added
Examples: Gar, Paddlefish, Sturgeon

60. Longnose Gar: Ganoid Scales
Garpike

61. Sturgeon: Ganoid Scales

62. Paddlefish: Ganoid Scales

63. 4 Types of Scales
3. Ctenoid: overlapping, allow great maneuverability as fish bends
Grows with fish, found in spiny rayed fish

64. Ctenoid Scales

65. 4 Types of Scales 4. Cycloid: same as ctenoid functions
Smooth margin, soft-rayed fish
Grows with fish

66. Cycloid Scales: Catfish

67. REVIEW 2 minutes!!!! GO!!! Complete back of note sheet
Give different fish examples for the top 2
2 minutes!!!! GO!!!