1. Introduction to Life Science

2. What is science?

3. Science is …
A process of solving problems to gain an understanding of the natural world

4. What is life science? Life science is…
The study of all living things in their environment
Life Science

5. Observations information gathered by one or more of the senses
sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste

6. Inferences
a logical interpretation or explanation based on prior knowledge and experience

7. Make Observations and Inferences

8. Make Observations and Inferences

9. a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence
Scientific Method
a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence

10. 1. State the Problem
Develop a question or problem that can be solved through an experiment

11. 2. Collect Information
Gather information about the experiment that you want to carry out.

12. 3. Form a Hypothesis
Predict a possible answer to the problem or question.
If/then statement
ex) If soil temperatures rise, then plant growth will increase.

13. 4. Design an Experiment Develop and follow a procedure.
Include a detailed materials list.
The outcome must be measurable.

14. 5. Record/Analyze Results
Modify the procedure if needed.
Confirm the results by retesting.
Include tables, graphs, and photographs.

15. 6. Form a Conclusion
Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis.
Make recommendations for further study and possible improvements to the procedure

16. Variables vs. Constants

17. Variable a factor in an experiment which can change
temperature, length, height, growth amount of light, time etc.

18. Types of Variables Independent Variable 2. Dependent Variable
is a factor that’s intentionally varied by the experimenter
2. Dependent Variable
is the factor that may change as a result of changes made in the independent variable.

19. Control Group
the control group is the group that serves as the standard of comparison.

20. Constant
A factor that is kept the same throughout the experiment

21. Line Graph

22. When do I use a line graph?
Line graphs are used to track changes over short and long periods of time.
Line graphs can also be used to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.

23. Line Graph Rules Step 1: Identify the variables
Independent Variable (purposefully changed by the experimenter)
Dependent Variable (changes with the independent variable and is measured)

24. Line Graph Rules Step 2: Determine the variable range
Subtract the lowest data value from the highest data value for each variable.

25. Line Graph Rules Step 3: Determine the scale of the graph
Determine the numerical value for each grid unit that best fits the range of each variable.

26. Line Graph Rules
Step 4: Number and label each axis and title the graph. Give the graph a title.

27. Line Graph Rules
Step 5: Determine the data points and plot on the graph

28. Line Graph Rules Step 6: Draw the graph
Draw a curve or a line that best fits the data points.

29. Bar Graph

30. When do I use a bar graph?
When measuring or showing information that reflects quantities or the frequency of things

31. Bar Graph Rules Step 1: Identify the variables
Independent variable (purposefully changed by the experimenter)
Dependent variable (changes with the independent variable and is measured)

32. Bar Graph Rules Step 2: Determine the variable range
Subtract the lowest data value from the highest data value for the dependent variable.

33. Bar Graph Rules Step 3: Determine the scale of the graph
Determine the numerical value for each grid unit that best fits the range of each variable.

34. Bar Graph Rules
Step 4: Number and label the y axis, label the x axis, and title the graph

35. Bar Graph Rules
Step 5: Determine the data points and create the bar graph