1. Monday, November 28th
Pg. 60 RTW: How has SONAR helped our understanding of the Plate Tectonic theory?
Objective: I will be able to describe how the invention of sonar contributed to an advanced knowledge of the ocean bottom.
Agenda:
Plate Tectonic Notes pg. 57/59
Homework:
None 

2. Geology & The Sea Floor

3. Plate Tectonic World Map
Plate Tectonics- An Introduction

4. Lithosphere-solid part of Earth (upper mantle and crust)
Hydrosphere-liquid part of Earth
Coastlines, water depth & sediment type are affected by the constant movement of continents and rocks

5. World Ocean
4 Basins
Pacific
Atlantic
Indian
Arctic

6. Layers of Earth
The Core- innermost iron rich layer-a solid inner & a liquid outer
Movement of liquid produces the Earth’s magnetic field
The Mantle- outermost solid layer
Extremely hot
Boiling point for rock
Flows like liquid but very slow

7. Layers of Earth
Crust= thin skin like layer, uppermost layer of the earth
Oceanic Crust
3 miles thick
Sea floor
Basalt- a dark colored mineral
Denser
Continental Crust
10-30 miles thick
Granite- a light colored mineral
**Think of continental & oceanic crust floating on mantle like icebergs

8. Continental Crust- land
Continental Shelf- gradual decline
Continental Slope- sharp decline
Continental Rise- levels out to meet sea floor
Abyssal Plain/Deep Ocean

9. Narrow Shelf
Wide Shelf

10. 1950’s-1960’s- evidence was found & called Plate Tectonics
Alfred Wegener
1912- Continental drift was proposed
1950’s-1960’s- evidence was found & called Plate Tectonics
Geologic change is CONSTANT
Fossil, coal deposits, etc is evidence of joined continents.
This large land mass is known as Pangaea

14. Key Scientists in Plate Tectonics
Alfred Wegener- Proposed the continental drift theory
Eduard Suess- Proposed Gondowanaland
Harry Hess & Robert S. Dietz- Proposed seafloor spreading

15. Tuesday, November 29th
Pg. 60 RTW: What is seafloor spreading and what is one place it occurs?
Objective: I will be able to describe how the invention of sonar contributed to an advanced knowledge of the ocean bottom.
Agenda:
Read, jot down notes, and answer questions.
Homework:
None 

16. Today’s Assignment (show me when done!)
Visit this site: Science/6/The-Origins-of-Plate-Tectonic-Theory/65
Read through ALL the sections, jot down notes (pg. 54), and answer questions to test your comprehension while you are reading.
When done with reading all the sections scroll back to the top and click “Quiz” and complete all the questions to the best of your ability.

17. Pg. 60 RTW: Name one abiotic and one biotic thing in the room.
Wednesday, November 30th
Pg. 60 RTW: Name one abiotic and one biotic thing in the room.
Objective: I will be able to describe the abiotic factors and label the following areas of the marine environment:
Photic and aphotic
Benthic (littoral, shelf, bathyal, abyssal, hadal)
Pelagic (oceanic and nertic)
Agenda
Layers of the Ocean Project
Begin research & start putting information on your poster
Homework
None 

18. An ecosystem includes both biotic and abiotic factors.
Biotic factors are living things.
plants
animals
fungi
bacteria
plants

19. Abiotic factors are nonliving things.
moisture
temperature
wind
sunlight
soil
moisture
sunlight

20. Zones of the Ocean
You will be assigned into one of the following ocean zones:
Supralittoral
Littoral
Sublittoral
Oceanic Photic
Oceanic Dysphotic
Neritic
Abyssal (Benthic)
Group’s choice

21. You will research: What the zone encompasses Why it is named this
Where it is, depth, etc.
Why it is named this
Definition and any Greek or Latin roots
Abiotic factors in your zone
Environmental factors
Biotic factors in your zone
Living factors
Adaptations for this zone
How have organisms adapted to the environment?

22. What your poster should look like:
______ Zone
Information:
This zone encompasses _____ part(s) of the ocean
This zone is named this after the Greek word ____ which means ____
Organisms need to be adapted in these ways to survive in this zone…
Biotic Factors: Abiotic Factors:
Blue-ringed octopus: biotic
Light: abiotic
Parrot fish: biotic

23. Pg. 60 RTW: How does light (abiotic) affect organisms (biotic)?
Thursday, December 1st
Pg. 60 RTW: How does light (abiotic) affect organisms (biotic)?
Objective: I will be able to describe the abiotic factors and label the following areas of the marine environment:
Photic and aphotic
Benthic (littoral, shelf, bathyal, abyssal, hadal)
Pelagic (oceanic and nertic)
Agenda
Layers of the Ocean Project
Finish putting information on your poster
Gallery Walk (pg. 61)
Homework
None 

24. You will research: What the zone encompasses Why it is named this
Where it is, depth, etc.
Why it is named this
Definition and any Greek or Latin roots
Abiotic factors in your zone
Environmental factors
Biotic factors in your zone
Living factors
Adaptations for this zone
How have organisms adapted to the environment?

25. What your poster should look like:
______ Zone
Information:
This zone encompasses _____ part(s) of the ocean
This zone is named this after the Greek word ____ which means ____
Organisms need to be adapted in these ways to survive in this zone…
Biotic Factors: Abiotic Factors:
Blue-ringed octopus: biotic
Light: abiotic
Parrot fish: biotic

27. Prefixes and Suffixes (pg. 61)
Supra= above
Sub= below
Littoral= pertaining to the shore
Photic= well lit
Aphotic= absence of light
Oceanic= open sea
Benthic= bottom of the ocean

28. Pg. 60 RTW: Which ocean layer is your favorite? Why?
Friday, December 2nd
Pg. 60 RTW: Which ocean layer is your favorite? Why?
Objective: I will be able to classify and give examples of organisms as planktonic (phytoplankton and zooplankton), nektonic, or benthic.
Agenda
Plankton Notes (pg. 61)
Homework
None 

29. Plankton Plankton = Free-floating organisms (drifters)
Most abundant organisms in the ocean.
Bottom of the food chain
Two types: phytoplankton & zooplankton

30. Why do you think plankton are important to the ocean’s ecosystems?

31. Phytoplankton
1) Phytoplankton = autotrophic (photosynthesis provides their energy); Always located near the surface

32. Types of Phytoplankton
Diatoms:
Single celled protists (kingdom)
“pill box” structure made of SiO2 (silicon dioxide) with the living organism inside
Unique designs
Reproduce by dividing in half
We use these everyday!!!
How?

33. Diatoms are responsible for
causing algae blooms
and changing the turbidity,
dissolved oxygen
and pH of the water.
Algae blooms are
both human induced
and naturally occurring.

34. Types of Phytoplankton
Dinoflagellates: class Dinophycea
Single celled protist (kingdom)
Have two flagella
Red tide is caused by an algae (dinoflagellate) bloom. Plankton releases toxins into water. Responsible for massive death/infection in fish and irritation to humans.
Some are bioluminescent = light the wakes of waves
Some are non-mobile and SYMBIONTS with other animals (corals, giant clams, sea anemones)
= ZOOXANTHELLAE

36. Red Tide

37. Zooplankton
2) Zooplankton = heterotrophic (must obtain their food from outside sources)
located beneath phytoplankton, vertically migrate at night.
More diverse than phytoplankton.
Significance = provides a link between the phytoplankton, producers and the larger fish below.

38. Types of Zooplankton Copepods: Kingdom = Animalia phylum-Arthropoda,
Most valuable zooplankton
Use small jerky movements
Use antennae to slow sinking
Filter feeders of phytoplankton

39. Copepods link phytoplankton to the
rest of the food chain.
Fastest animal in the world.

41. Holoplankton= organisms that remain in a planktonic state their entire live
Meroplankton= organisms that are only planktonic part of their lives

42. So why should I care… Primary Productivity
Without plankton the entire marine ecosystem would collapse!
Primary Productivity
95% in the ocean is from phytoplankton
Other 5% is from plants and chemosynthesis.

43. Other organisms:
Benthic= marine organisms that live on or in the sea bottom

44. Other Organisms:
Nektonic= marine organisms that can swim

45. Pg. 60 S.T.A.R. What are the two types of plankton?
What type of plankton produce their own food?
________ and _______ are types of phytoplankton.

46. Pg. 60 RTW: What is the difference between zoo- and phytoplankton?
Friday, December 2nd
Pg. 60 RTW: What is the difference between zoo- and phytoplankton?
Objective: I will be able to classify and give examples of organisms as planktonic (phytoplankton and zooplankton), nektonic, or benthic.
Agenda
Study Guide
Homework
Unit 5 Test on Tuesday, December 6th