1. Chapter 13 Program Delivery System
Diane C. Blankenship
Chapter 13 Program Delivery System

2. Recreation and Leisure Profession
Greatest joy is creating memories for participants.
Programming is the force that pulls people to the profession.
Professionals create memories through creating program delivery systems.

3. Do What You Love, Love What You Do!

4. How Did We Get Here? Agricultural society Urban centers
Industrial Revolution
Formalizing the profession
1. Agricultural society
a. Recreation and leisure was home based
b. Family oriented
2. Urban center
a. Playgrounds
b. Commercial entertainment
c. No recreation professional
3. Industrial Revolution
a. First demands for trained professional
b. Trained and employed to conduct programs at playgrounds
4. Formalizing the profession
a. 1930s college programs developed to train professionals
b. 1940s demand increased as wealth increased
5. Industrial Revolution
6. Formalizing the profession
b.1940s demand increased as wealth increased

5. Program Delivery System Today
Professional standards for the program delivery system and professionals in developing systems related to
leadership,
outcomes for participants,
variety, and
skill level.
(CAPRA Accreditation Standards)

6. Chapter Overview
Reviews the foundational elements of the recreation profession related to the program delivery system:
Mission
Outcomes
Goals and objectives
Leadership
Program classification
Program format

7. Mission Statement Defines the purpose of the organization
Why the organization exists
What the organization should do
Who should they do things for
Foundation of the program delivery system

8. Program Goals and Objectives
Goals are broad and not observable or measurable:
“To improve the quality of life for all of the citizens it serves.”
Objectives are specific, measurable, and observable:
“Provide seven swimming programs and services for people of all ages.”

9. Special Events Are the Newest Trend in Programming

10. Leadership Options for the Program Delivery System
General leadership
Indirect leadership
Facilitated leadership
Structured leadership

11. General Leadership
Focus is providing opportunities for self- directed leisure experiences.
Agencies provide people with parks, trails, lakes, gyms, pools, picnic areas, and playgrounds.
No contact occurs with a recreational leader.
(continued)

12. General Leadership (continued)
The absence of a leader allows people to
create and control their own experiences and
use an area for multiple purposes or activities.
Example: state park with a lake used for camping, fishing, kayaking.

13. Facilitated Leadership
Leader works with a group so that it can become independent.
The goal is to help the group independently provide their own programs and services.
Examples: youth soccer league or ski club.
Benefit: meet needs in the community with little demands of the professional.

14. Indirect Leadership
Focus is providing equipment or services for a fee.
Examples: renting picnic shelter, bikes, boats, skis.
Resources are provided so that people can recreate independently.

15. Leadership Blend Agencies use all types of leadership to
provide variety and diversity in recreational experiences and
help the agency meet its mission.

16. Program Classification
Secondary area of the program delivery system to explore.
Tool to use as part of the creative process in the program delivery system.
There are 14 classifications in a comprehensive program delivery system.

17. Program Classification
Description
Example
Arts
Creative process of making items
Painting or sculpture
Performing arts
Activities or programs that focus on self-expression in music, dance, or drama
Concert in the park
Craft
Making something of decorative value
Pottery or knitting
New arts
Involves using technology such as a digital camera or computers
Photography class
Literary
Activities involving books, writing, or speeches
Book club
Self-development
Activities or programs that help people in personal development
Stress management class

18. Program Classification 2
Description
 Example
Aquatics
Activities or programs that are done in the water
Swimming lessons
Outdoor
Activities or programs done in the outdoor environment
Hiking program
Wellness
Programs that focus on improving wellness comprehensively
Fitness classes
Hobbies
Activities in which people collect, create, or educate others
Coin collectors
Social recreation
Programs and services that promote social interaction
Dances, festivals
Volunteer services
Programs in which people provide services for others
Working the front desk
Travel and tourism
Programs that are trips that take people to attractions
Ghost tours
Sports, games, and athletics
Activities with some rules that involve competition
Card games

19. Leadership and Classifications
Leadership option
Aquatic programs
General leadership
Open swim
Lap swimming
Structured leadership
Swim lessons
Water fitness
Arthritis water fitness
Facilitated leadership
Triathlon workout club
Masters swim club
Water walking club
Indirect leadership
Swimming birthday parties
Fins and flotation devices

20. Evaluation Questions
Does the program meet the mission and goals of the agency?
Do these programs serve the various sections of the community in terms of age, gender, ability, and ethnicity?
Do these programs serve a continuum of skill levels from the introductory level to the advanced level?

21. Program Formats—the Final Step
Explanation
Program example
Competition
Program that involves competition or a contest
Indoor soccer league
Class
Instruction over a series of weeks
Aerobic class
Club
Group that is self-conducted with regular meetings
Running club
Drop in or open
Area in the facility left for people to use freely
Open gym time
Interest group
Similar to a club but organized around an issue or program
Arts council
Outreach
Taking a program to people or reaching people not normally served by the agency
Playground day camp programs or mobile arts bus
Special event
One-time large program
Arts and craft festival
Workshop or conferences
Program focused on learning something
Digital photography editing

22. Program Formats
Help plan frequency of programs (continuous or one time only)
Help plan leadership
Help with continuum of skill and interest development

23. Format and Classification
Aquatics
Competition
Dual swim meet
Classes
Lifeguard classes
Clubs
Masters swim club
Drop in or open
Open swim
Interest groups
Swim team advisory group
Outreach
Special Olympics training program
Special event
Pool water carnival
Workshops or conference
Stroke and turn judge clinic

24. Putting It All Together
Leadership
Format
Aquatics
Structured
Competition
Dual swim meet
Facilitated
Classes
Lifeguard classes
General
Clubs
Masters swim club
Indirect
Drop in or open
Open swim
General or structured
Interest groups
Swim team advisory group
Indirect or general
Outreach
Special Olympics training program
Special event
Pool water carnival
Workshops or conference
Stroke and turn judge clinic

25. Common Mistakes
Having only one or two formats in the program delivery system
Having only one or two classifications in the program delivery system
Planning only programs that you personally like; not based on customers’ needs and likes

26. Why Go Through This Process?
To ensure that the mission is accomplished
To attract people to the agency
To retain people
To help people develop skills to become independent in leisure pursuits

27. Closing Thoughts About Developing a Program Delivery System
It is a creative challenge.
The process is used to meet diverse needs and interests.
It provides well-balanced options.
The process is continuous as trends change.