1. OGC Underground infrastructure concept study
Andy Ryan
Senior Technical Product Manager, Ordnance Survey
5th September 2017

2. OGC Concept Development Study (CDS)
“To assess emerging technologies & architectures in support of interoperability initiatives and open standards”
Team – OGC, Fund for City of New York, Singapore Land Authority, Ordnance Survey
Summarise
Process and
Outcomes/findings
© 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

3. OGC Concept Development Study (CDS)
Request for Information (RFI)
Wide request for input on relevant technologies and open standards
RFI frames the questions to be addressed
© 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

4. Respondents
Accenture including the Underground Infrastructure Mapping Team in Chicago, and Columbia University. Bentley Systems British Geological Survey (BGS) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) Carl Stephen Smyth, Co-Chair, OGC CityGML Standards Working Group Cesar Quiroga, Texas A&M City of Boston City of Rotterdam City of St Paul, Minnesota Dassault Systèmes Delft University (Vector and Voxel responses) Dubai Electricity and Water Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (EPRI) Erik Stubkjaer (individual) Geoweb 3D HERE HL Consulting BVBA Informatie Vlaanderen Paul Scarponcini, Chairman, OGC LandInfra SWG Les Guest Associates Luciad NV Robin Danton (individual) Spacetime Technology Technics Group Technische Universität München UMS Berenice International Group Verband Schweizer Abwasser- und Gewässerschutzfachleute (Swiss Water) WinCan Europe Ltd

5. Vendors

6. Underground environment experts and data suppliers
BGS
Dr. George Deodatis
George
Deodatis

7. Data Collators
Flanders KLIP

8. ‘Local’ Government
City of Boston

9. Project based
Technics Group

10. OGC Concept Development Study (CDS)
Request for Information (RFI)
Wide request for input on relevant technologies and open standards
RFI frames the questions to be addressed
Workshop
Workshop to discuss and advance the concepts in the RFI
Presentations based on RFI Responses 
© 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

11. Underground CDS Workshop, April 2017
April 24th 1 – Opening, Introductions, Overview 2 – Cities with underground projects 3 – Underground information systems practices 4 – Data models for integration and data sharing April 25th 5 – Underground Environment data model 6 – Data collection, curation, integration, analysis 7 – Breakout sessions 8 – Workshop summary; Planning Pilot phase
© 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

12. Breakout sessions 1 Applications and use cases
Mapping the data to inform the final design
80/20 principle – most important use cases
Standards
Access/Security
Process
Regulations
Business Model
Accenture

13. Breakout sessions 2 Data Models Perspectives Lots of commonality
INSPIRE / IMKL
LandInfra
CityGML
GeoSciML
IFC
Voxels a variant “model”
Perspectives
Models are informed by use case – Network? Asset? Feature?
Compare and identify common attributes
Metadata is essential

14. Breakout sessions 3
Underground environment – what is ‘around’ the infrastructure
Underground environment data of value to the use cases
Variable resolution data
Location
Project based
Application specific – what was data gathered for?
Different perspectives – natural or engineering
Expressing uncertainty
George Deodatis
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Columbia University

15. Breakout sessions 4 Collection,, integration and curation, analysis
‘Cookbook’ for new surveys
Require as built surveys
Integrate
Curation
Metadata
Integrating data of differing provenance to provide completeness
Continuous acquisition
Feeding back anomalies
Analysis
Fit for use case – may be an answer rather than data
Indicating uncertainty
Terrain and network analysis combined

16. OGC Concept Development Study (CDS)
Process
Request for Information (RFI)
Wide request for input on relevant technologies and open standards
RFI frames the questions to be addressed
Workshop
Workshop to discuss and advance the concepts in the RFI
Presentations based on RFI Responses 
Report now available
Engineering Report of open standards and architecture views
Describe approach indicating feasibility and maturity
© 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

17. Report - main outcomes
Use cases and case studies: Through the input of RFI responders and Workshop participants, major categories of use case were identified:
Utilities and streetworks
Routine street excavations;
Emergency response;
Utility maintenance programs;
Large scale construction projects;
Disaster planning and response; and
Smart cities programs.

18. Successful implementations 1
Flanders KLIP case study: The Flanders region in Belgium presented their now well-established utility data integration program. Following a very serious incident Data sharing has improved and Flanders now requires all of its 300 utilities to create and provide access to digital representations of their infrastructures conforming to a common data model enhancing data interoperability. As a result, excavation timelines have been significantly shortened and the frequency of utility strikes has been reduced.
Jef Daems (KLIP product owner)

19. Successful implementations 2
Geo-Works* 1-mile Urban Corridor Gas Main Installation Case Study:
Construction cost reductions that average 10x data development costs, including
lower contingency costs in contractor bids,
expedited construction schedules, and v
virtual elimination of utility strikes.
A recent professional engineering 3-D survey and modelling effort (per CI/ASCE standards) of existing underground infrastructure was integrated with design development and then provided to bidding contractors.
Capture a high accuracy survey of existing infrastructure, combine with existing data before planning a major project
* Geo Works are a joint venture of Utility Mapping Services (UMS) and Berenice International Group

20. Philip J. Meis, M.S., P.E., M.ASCE

21. Successful implementations 2
The Geo.works methodology was recently applied to a 1-mile urban corridor gas main installation.
An engineering 3-D survey and modelling effort (per CI/ASCE standards) of existing underground infrastructure was integrated with design development and provided to bidding contractors.
Availability of this information resulted in cost and time savings including:
bid reductions of 10%,
schedule reduction of 30%, and
labour reduction of 50%,
along with zero delays, damages, or change orders.
The client gas company is now including 3-D survey,
modelling, and design of buried infrastructure as a
routine practice with their project development and delivery program.
Phil Meis, GEO.works

22. Benefits
Those that participated in the Request of Information reported positive outcomes
Faster sharing
Fewer strikes
Positive ROI examples
The Underground Infrastructure Mapping Team in Chicago reports through team member Accenture that it has documented a return on investments in accurately mapping underground infrastructure ranging from 3.4x to 21x (PennDOT, 2007: 21x; Milan Expo, x; U.S. DOT 1999: 4.6x; Toronto, 2010: 4.3x; Toronto, 2004: 3.4x).
Accenture

23. Underground environment
Underground Environment: RFI responders and Workshop presenters made strong arguments to add the underground environment to consideration of underground infrastructure data models.
George Deodatis
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Columbia University

24. Underground environment
Soils, moisture content and other characteristics of material surrounding and supporting utility lines play a significant role in their integrity and longevity, both the infrastructure and its environment need to be considered together.
Carl Watson, BGS

25. Governance
Governance and Policy Environment: developing data models to enable the integration of underground data will not by itself ensure that this data is actually brought together and benefits realised.
In GB there have been previous initiatives – have they worked?
Accessing Subsurface Knowledge (ASK) 2012
National Underground Assets Group (NUAG) 2005
Greater London Authority Networked Utilities 2014
Mapping the underworld 2012
Project VISTA (VAULT)
BIM for subsurface, 2015 to complete in 2017
British Standards
PAS128 (2014) - how to specify an underground asset survey and
PAS256 (2017) Buried services – Collection, recording and sharing of location information data.

26. GB Governance
The regulatory framework for the management of the subsurface is fragmented
There are large numbers of stakeholders and multiple regulators

27. Sub-surface Asset Data Natural Disaster Control
GB Governance
Sub-surface Asset Data
Data Users
Architects
Standards Institutions
Research Institutes
National Authorities
Security Agencies
Geotech Companies
Planning Consultants
Archaeology
Surveyors
Natural Disaster Control
n Regulators
Mining Companies
Water & Sewage
Gas & Power
Telecom & Media
Railways
Developers
Roads
Airports
Waste Disposal
Local Authorities
Data Owners and Users

28. GB Governance
The regulatory framework for the management of the subsurface is fragmented.
There are large numbers of stakeholders and multiple regulators
‘Universal’ and accepted data standards do not exist
Expectation that data sharing is hard and has unacceptable risks – liability as well as commercial and security sensitivities
Legislation on capture and sharing has evolved but generally not applied retrospectively
Upfront costs of data capture and improvement are large
Is this correct?

29. Models for utility infrastructure
CityGML Utility Network ADE (Application Domain Extension)
INSPIRE Utility Networks
IMKL (Information model for cable and pipes)
Land and Infrastructure Conceptual Model (LandInfra)
Underground Pipeline Information Management System
Power Utilities
Enterprise Systems for Utilities –
Wastewater Pipeline & Manhole Condition Assessment Gas Distribution
Water/Wastewater Modeling
GEOfeature

30. Models for utility infrastructure
Interoperable utility data standards will likely not be developed for all the data associated with utility networks,
Common standards required for those selected data features required to support the business processes that require access to
There will always be a place for single-utility focused data models to serve customized and proprietary applications. …
Map request initiator
Utility Network Authority
answer
request
KLIP DIGITAL PHASE
KLIP Digital Phase
Jef Daems (KLIP product owner)

31. Models for sub-surface environment
BGS National Geological Model
BRGM SCUDD
GeoSciML
EarthResourceML
INSPIRE
GeoTOP
Models may be created for different purposes, needs to be understood to allow for translation and combination between them

32. OGC CDS - Next steps
Develop prototype models for interoperable data standards
Research a series of governance and policy challenges in order to frame and guide outreach efforts
Plan and conduct a series of pilot projects to test prototype standards for different data sharing and integration use cases across multiple jurisdictions
More later!