1. The End of the Bipolar World, 1989-1991
By: Krista Donis
Mr. Marshall
AP World History
Period.1

2. Map

3. Crisis in the Soviet Union
U.S. investments led to changes in the Soviet Union’s economy such as shortages in food ,housing, and consumer goods. (Bulliet 862)
Government leaders and Communist Party favorites had more rights than
The average citizen. (Spodek 549)
This would lead to protest and the published writings against the government.
(Andrea 354)
One powerful writer was Alexander Solzhenitsyn who criticized the Soviet
system such as the Stalinist prison camps. He was expelled from the
country because he was charged with treason in ( Bulliet 858)
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev takes over the Soviet Union and authorizes
Major reforms . (Bulliet 859)
Gorbachev develops the policy of perestroika. (Andrea 355)

4. Alexander Solzhenitsyn
cultural relativism/
Mikhail Gorbachev
Cancer Ward by Alexander Solzhenitsyn
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5. The Collapse of the Socialist Bloc
The formation of the Solidarity, a Polish trade union that protested working
conditions and political repression. (Bulliet 859)
By the end of 1989, communist governments had fallen across eastern Europe
(Spodek 549)
The dismantling of the Berlin Wall symbolized the division between Europe and the bipolar world. (Bulliet 860)
The fall of government led to the movement of East Germans to West Germany in large numbers. (Andrea 365)
The end of the Soviet Union in (Bulliet 860)
Czechoslovakia divides into the Czech
Republic and Slovakia. (Bulliet 861)

6. The Persian Gulf War,
This was the first significant conflict to occur after the USSR breakup.
(Bulliet 858)
Saddam Hussein borrowed a great deal of money from Kuwait and wanted the
royal family to reduce his debt. (Bulliet 861)
The U.S. government was concerned that Saudi Arabia was a possible target
for Iraq. (Spodek 551)
President George H. W. Bush ordered an attack in early 1991 with the help of
the United Nations and other Islamic nations. (Bulliet 861)
Iraq was defeated brutally, but Hussein stayed in power. (Spodek 553)
The US and its allies imposed the “no fly “ zones. (Bulliet 862)

7.
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8. Bibliography
Andrea, Alfred J., and James H. Overfield. The Human Record Volume I: To 1700 : Sources of Global History. Vol. 1 Boston: Houghton Mifflin College Division, 2004. 
Bulliet, Richard W. Earth and It's People Advanced Placement Version Third Edition. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin College Division, 2004.
"Cold War." Twentieth Century War. 27 Mar <
Fox, Karen C. Karen Celia Fox. 27 Mar <
celiafox.com/Reading/book_obc_16_cancerward.htm>.

9. Bibliography cont.
Hollander, Jason. "Gorbachev Traces Communist History in Russia and Looks to Country's Future in SIPA Lecture." Columbia News. 18 Sept Columbia News. 27 Mar <
Paulette. "Russia/George War: Is Russia Trying To Rebuild The Soviet Union?" Let Us Talk- What's on your mind? We want to know. 11 Aug Word Press. 30 Mar <
"Persian Gulf War." MSN Encarta. Microsoft. 27 Mar < _War.html>.
"Persian Gulf War: Schwarzkopf with troops." Online Photograph. Britannica Student Encyclopædia. 27  Mar.  2009  

10. Beethoven’s 5th Symphony
Bibliography cont.
Pryazhnikov, Sasha. "THE GOOD IS...Archive for 'cultural revivalism‘ tag." WordPress.com. 4 Aug Word Press. 27 Mar < cultural relativism/>.
“Saddam Hussein's demise." Brutally Honest. 27 Mar < /saddamshirt3.html>.
Spodek, Howard. The World's History, Combined. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Limited, 2000.
Music Credit:
Beethoven’s 5th Symphony