1. PSYCH - Unit 1.7 - Correlations

2. Correlational Research
The measure of the relationship between two items or variables.
Does NOT say that one variable causes another.
NEGATIVE CORRELATION
- Variables move in opposite directions
Example:
Miles traveled is negatively correlated to the amount of gas left in your tank.
MILES TRAVELED GAS IN TANK
POSITIVE CORRELATION
- 2 variables that increase together or decrease together.
Example:
The number of gallons of gas pumped is positively correlated to the amount spent on gas.
GALLONS OF GAS $ ON GAS

3. Think of strong and weak correlation examples.
Write them in your notes.
Bring them to class.
We will be working on them in class this week.

4. Scatterplots
- Graph comprised of points generated by values of two variables.
The slope of points depicts the direction
The amount of scatter the strength of relationship
They ‘increase together’ & ‘decrease together’

5. Correlation Coefficient
- Statistical measure that shows the degree of relationship between 2 variables.
Number will always fall between -1.0 and +1.0.
The higher the # the stronger the relationship.
The closer the number is to ZERO the weaker the relationship.
+ or ONLY indicates the direction of the relationship.
The # itself indicates the strength of the relationship.

7. How to Read a Correlation Coefficient

8. How to Read a Correlation Coefficient

9. Measured using a correlation coefficient.
A statistical measure of the extent to which two factors relate to one another.
Positive or Negative?
Negative!

10. Correlation Coefficient + or - ?
Positive or Negative?
Positive!

11. Correlational Research
There is a positive correlation between ice cream and murder rates.
Does that mean that ice cream causes murder?
What might account for this correlation?

13. Correlation & Causation
Low Self-Esteem -- Could Cause --> DEPRESSION or
DEPRESSION -- Could Cause --> Low Self-Esteem
Distressing
events or
biological
predisposition
Low Self-Esteem
and
DEPRESSION
-Could Cause-->>

14. Correlational Research
Detects relationships between variables.
Does NOT say that one variable causes another.

15. Correlational Research

16. YouTube: Schallhorn - Correlation in 5 min.