1. MICHAEL CHOI SCIENCE HONOURS
THE BIG BANG
MICHAEL CHOI
SCIENCE HONOURS

2. The darkness of the night
Universe was infinite in age and space = never ending
Olber’s Paradox = sky should be bright

3. The darkness of the night
This means the universe has an age
= there was a beginning.
Infinite Universe
Finite Universe
In the early 1800’s, it wasn’t clear what was wrong so the word “paradox” was applied.

4. Doppler effect
The scrunched up waves  wavelength shorter  higher pitch

5. Doppler effect - light
Objects moving towards us  wavelengths shortened, blueshifted,
Objects moving away  wavelengths lengthened redshifted.

6. EDWIN HUBBLE Stars and galaxies are moving away from each other
The further they are the faster they are going away
INFRARED

7. Quick summary Universe is finite in age but not necessarily in space
Through the Doppler effect = universe is expanding
SPACE
TIME

8. COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION
13.7 BILLION YEARS AGO
COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION
WHITE HOT DENSE
Electrons
Protons
subatomic
LIGHT CAN’T ESCAPE

9. Cosmic microwave background radiation
PHOTONS.
HYDROGEN

10. COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGOUND RADIATION
FROM ALL DIRECTIONS

11. Cosmic microwave background radiation
IT’S THE AFTERGLOW OF THE BIG BANG

12. Abundance of hydrogen & helium
Easily formed
Formed early in the universe
Heavier atoms produced in supernovae

13. Dark matter - evidence Undetectable by electromagnetic radiation Light
THERE WASN’T ENOUGH MATTER FOR IT TO BE HELD TOGETHER
Undetectable by electromagnetic radiation
Light
Invisible

14. DARK ENERGY
1998 WE FOUND OUT THAT IT IS ACCELERATING

15. EMPTY SPACE HAS ENERGY. IT PUSHES SPACE ITSELF

16. What will happen to the universe
1. BIG CRUNCH

17. 2. Big freeze

18. 3. Big rip
Galaxies move apart so quickly they break the light-speed barrier

19. 1. singularity
Expansion not explosion
Does the universe have an edge?

20. 2. inflation Within 10-43 second
Hundredth of a billionth of a trillionth of a trillionth
Size of an atom to size of an orange

21. 3. Hot soup Between 10-43 of a second to 3 minutes
It has cooled down from to degrees
So that quarks can form into protons and electrons

22. 4. 380,000 years after Cool enough to form HYDROGEN AND HELIUM
Light can shine
Cosmic microwave background radiation = the afterglow

23. 5. First stars 400 milllion years
When they died, they left heavier elements behind

24. 6. Galaxies & stars form Gravity makes giant clouds of gas
Which later make galaxies

25. 7. Solar system
Galaxies cluster together
Stars form and die

26. How big is the universe?

32. The god question? SCIENCE CANT PROVE OR DISPROVE GOD EXISTS
He is outside the universe