1. November 17, 2014
Objectives:
Explain how skin heals
Differentiate between different degrees of burns
Explain how skin grafting works
Journal: Compare and contrast skin and hair growth.

2. Burns and Healing

3. Skin Damage
If skin is damaged and blood vessels are broken, the wound fills up with blood
Blood contains a substance called fibrin that cause it to form a clot
Scabs form when the clot is exposed to air

4. How Skin Heals White blood cells destroy any pathogens
Fibroblasts: cells that can develop into connective tissue
Begin to pull the wound together
The basal layer of the epidermis begins to hyperproduce new cells to take the place of the lost cells

5. Healing from the Inside Out
Wounds heal from the inside to the outside with the inner layers of the wound forming first and being pushed outward as new skin forms
Limits pathogens from being trapped inside the layers of skin

6. Scars
Scars made of tough collagen fiber may form if wounds are deep enough
Scar tissue does not contain any accessory organs or sense of feeling
Can be minimized through stitches or staples that bring together the ends of the wound

7. Burn Causes
Heat
Electricity
Chemicals
Radiation

8. Burn Severity
Depends on:
Depth of the burn
Size of the area burned

9. Degree of Burns 1st Degree: Damage to the epidermis only
Skin redness and pain
No blistering
Pain subsides in 3 days with no scarring
Damaged skin sloughs off in a week
Ex: Sunburn

10. Degree of Burns 2nd Degree:
Damage to the epidermis and part of the dermis
Causes pain, redness, and blistering
Cases with minimal blistering heal within 2 weeks, but cases with extensive blistering can take up to 14 weeks to heal
Scarring is common

11. Degree of Burns 3rd Degree: Damage to all three layers of the skin
Skin surface has a leathery feel to it and appears black, brown, tan, red, or white
No pain is felt because pain receptors are destroyed
Blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands are destroyed

12. Degree of Burns
4th Degree:
Burns that penetrate to the bone

13. Concerns for Burn Patients
Bacterial Infection
Fluid Loss
Heat Loss

14. Burn Victim Video
Chemicals -

15. Skin Grafting Damaged skin must be removed
Healthy skin is placed over damaged areas so it may begin to grow
Autografting: Ideally the patients own skin is used because it eliminates the changes of tissue rejection
Artificial skin can also be grown in a lab and used for grafting

16. Problems with Skin Grafting
Tissues can be rejected by the body and attacked by the immune system
Grafting often requires repeat surgeries because large skin grafts cannot be done at once
Often the grafts don’t take and skin doesn’t grow to meet it

17. Artificial Skin Video