1. The Era of Jacksonian Democracy
Mr. Mark Gonzalez Grace Christian Academy

2. What was Jacksonian Democracy?
Expanded suffrage
Manifest Destiny
Spoils System
Laissez Faire
economic policy
Hatred for the 2nd National Bank
Jacksonian Presidents-Van Buren, Tyler and Polk

3. Democracy in Theory during the Jacksonian Age
1820s-1830s-”democracy”-totally American
All white males could vote
Equality for the “plain folk”
Anti-aristocracy=no more wigs and breeches
Dark, plain and modest clothing
Hotels open to all not trust the rich

4. Democracy in Practice during the Jacksonian Age
Growing working class in the cities possessed no real estate
By 1840, 1st national campaigns for nominating presidential campaigns
Women, blacks and native Americans still left out of the democratic system

5. Andrew Jackson:

6. Champion of the “Common Man”?
Essential Question:
Champion of the “Common Man”?
“King” Andrew? OR

7. What were the
democratic
trends
in the 19c?

8. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

9. Voter Turnout:

10. Why Increased Voter Turn-out?
White male suffrage increased
Rise of Third Parties.
Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)
Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:
Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)
Republicans (1854)
Democrats (1828)

11. Jackson's
Early
Life

12. Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence-Nashville, TN

13. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815

14. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars in Florida

15. Jackson's
First
Presidential Run

16. The “Common Man’s” Presidential Candidate

17. William H. Crawford [GA]
Jackson’s Opponents in 1824
Henry Clay [KY]
John Quincy Adams [MA]
John C. Calhoun [SC]
William H. Crawford [GA]

18. The “lovely” John Calhoun of South Carolina

19. The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain”-Jackson got robbed of the election

20. The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain”
Candidate
Popular Vote
Electoral Vote
Andrew Jackson
43% 99
J.Q. Adams
31% 32
William Crawford
13% 41
Henry Clay 37

21. Jackson’s Philosophy and Faith
Believed in hard work, sound money backed by gold and the value of family farm and business
Opinion of the Bible: “That book sir, is the rock on which our republic rests.”

22. Rachel Jackson
Final Divorce Decree- Andrew had to marry her twice because first marriage was ruled illegal

23. Jackson in Mourning for His Wife

24. 1828 Election Results

25. The Center of Population in the Country Moves WEST

26. Jackson Supporters The rich white landowners in the South
People on the Frontier
Immigrants in the cities.
Spoils system-put supporters in federal office positions

27. Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man”
Intense distrust of Northeast rich people, monopolies, & special privilege.
His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.”
Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.

28. The Reign of “King Mob”

29. Andrew Jackson as President

30. The “Peggy Eaton Affair”
Went to the aid of a common woman-Peggy Eaton-wife of Sec. of War who was target of malicious gossip by other cabinet wives
Tried to force the cabinet wives to socialize w/ Peggy Eaton
Result: most of cabinet resigned-including V. President John Calhoun
Martin Van Buren became V. Pres.

31. The
Nullification
Issue

32. 1830-To Nullify of Not?
President Jackson: “Our Federal Union—it must be preserved.” Nullification a threat to the survival of the USA
Vice President Calhoun: The Union, next to our liberty, most dear. But he also affirmed Nullification-right of a state to set aside or refuse a federal law

33. South Carolina’s Response… Nullification!
The Tariff Issue
South Carolina’s Response…
Nullification!

34. 1832 Tariff Conflict 1828 --> “Tariff of Abomination”
> new protective tariff-stop cheap trade w/ France and Britain
South Carolina’s reaction?
Jackson’s response?
Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff?

35. Jackson's
Native-American
Policy

36. Indian Removal Jackson’s Goal-Manifest Destiny
1830  Indian Removal Act
Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation”
Worcester v. GA (1832)-Cherokees can have own laws on their lands
Court powerless to enforce
Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it! Build a fire under them. When it gets hot enough, they'll go.

37. The Cherokee Nation After 1820

38. Indian Removal-46,000 removed

39. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)-4,000 died

40. Jackson’s Professed “Love” for Native Americans

41. Renewing
the Charter
of the
1st National Bank

42. Jackson’s Use of Federal Power
VETO-Congress should only fund projects that benefit the whole nation-not 1 state
1830  Maysville Road project in KY vetoed (state of his political rival, Henry Clay)-should build National Road instead

43. The National Bank Debate
Nicholas Biddle
President Jackson
Saw bank as a rip-off by Eastern Rich guys and unconstitutional
President of National Bank

44. The “Monster” Is Destroyed!
“pet banks”?---wouldn’t loan money for Western settlers to buy land, so he sold land on low payment plan
1832  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2nd National Bank of the United States.
1836  the charter expired.
1841  the bank went bankrupt!

45. The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

46. An 1832 Cartoon:
“King Andrew”?

47. 1832 Election Results
Main
Issue?

48. the Specie (gold and silver) Circular-all govt funds removed from bank
Jackson-all land sales must be made in specie (gold and silver)
Paper Money lost its value.
Land sales decreased
Credit not available.
Businesses began to fail.
Unemployment rose.
Recession
The Panic of 1837!

49. The 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Buren
“Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]

50. Van Buren

51. The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!

52. Andrew Jackson in Retirement

53. Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844 (one year before his death)