1. Chemical and Physical Changes

2. Physical Property
A property that can be observed without changing the composition of a substance
Viscosity
Conductivity
Malleability
Hardness
Melting and Boiling Points
Density

3. Chemical Property
A change that can only be observed when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into different substances
Flammability
Reactivity

4. Physical Change
A physical change is when the properties of the material change, but the substances in the material stay the same.
Change in state
Solid melting to a liquid
Liquid evaporating to a gas
Gas condensing to a liquid
Liquid freezing into a solid
Usually occur with a change in temperature
Can also be when a substance dissolves in a liquid, but does not change its chemical make-up.
When sugar dissolves in water, the sugar is still sugar, just surrounded by water particles.
Can also be a change in shape.
These changes can usually be easily undone.

5. Filtration A physical change Separating one substance from another.
Uses the difference in the size of the substance

6. Distillation
Separates substances based on differences in the physical properties of two of more substances.

7. Chemical Change
A change that occurs when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances.
A substance changes chemically.
New products are formed
A nail rust in the outdoors
Food is burned on a stove top
Acid is mixed with a base to neutralize the two.
Usually cannot be easily undone.
Identified by changes in color, formation of gas or precipitate.

8. Physical v. Chemical Changes
Physical changes are: _____________________
Examples: 1. 2. 3.
Chemical Changes are: _________________

9. Whiteboarding Salt is mixed with water Coal is burned
Physical
Coal is burned
Chemical
A Sweet Tart is crush into powder
A copper roof turns green
Alka-Seltzer is mixed with water.
Bread grows mold
A bicycle chain breaks
A bicycle chain rust

10. States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Definite volume, definite shape
Definite volume, indefinite shape
Gas
Indefinite volume, indefinite shape

11. Systems Open System Closed System
System may exchange mass and molecules with the surroundings
Closed System
System is cut-off from surroundings, no mass or molecules can enter or exit.

12. Conservation of Mass
Not matter what happens in a chemical or physical change in a closed system, the amount of mass that exist before the change must be exactly the same after the change has happened.
15 grams of water is evaporated, how much water vapor is produced?