1. Introduction to Statistics for the Social Sciences SBS200 - Lecture Section 001, Fall 2016 Room 150 Harvill Building 10: :50 Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays.
Welcome

3. By the end of lecture today 10/10 /16
Overview of Project 2
Review for Exam 2

4. Review previous homework assignments to help review for Exam 2
No new homework
Review previous homework assignments to help review for Exam 2

5. Exam on Wednesday Study Guide is up Schedule of readings
Before next exam (October 12th)
Please read chapters in OpenStax textbook
Please read Chapters 10, 11, 12 and 14 in Plous
Chapter 10: The Representativeness Heuristic
Chapter 11: The Availability Heuristic
Chapter 12: Probability and Risk
Chapter 14: The Perception of Randomness
Exam on Wednesday
Study Guide is up

6. Lab sessions Everyone will want to be enrolled
in one of the lab sessions
Labs continue
Preparing for
Exam 1

7. Exam 2 Review

8. Let’s try one
Albert compared the time required to finish the race for 20 female jockeys and 20 male jockeys riding race horses. He wanted to know who averaged faster rides. Which of the following is true?
correct
a. This is t-test b. This is an ANOVA c. This is a correlational design d. This is a chi square

9. Let’s try one
Annie’s advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. This is an example of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
correct

10. a. whether or not they posted an ad online b. sales of the product
Let’s try one
Annie’s advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The independent variable is ____
a. whether or not they posted an ad online
b. sales of the product
c. size of the ads
d. whether the size of the ad affected sales
correct

11. a. whether or not they posted an ad online b. sales of the product
Let’s try one
Annie’s advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The dependent variable is ____
a. whether or not they posted an ad online
b. sales of the product
c. size of the ads
d. whether the size of the ad affected sales
correct

12. a. whether or not they posted an ad online b. sales of the product
Let’s try one
Annie’s advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The overall research question is ____
a. whether or not they posted an ad online
b. sales of the product
c. size of the ads
d. whether the size of the ad affected sales
correct

13. Let’s try one
An advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The independent variable is an example of a _____.
a. discrete and ordinal
b. continuous and ordinal
c. discrete and ratio
d. continuous and ratio
correct

14. Let’s try one
An advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The dependent variable is an example of a _____.
a. discrete and ordinal
b. continuous and ordinal
c. discrete and ratio
d. continuous and ratio
correct

15. Let’s try one
An advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. This is an example of a _____.
a. simple random sample
b. stratified sample
c. cluster sample
d. convenience sample
correct

16. Let’s try one
An advertising firm wanted to know whether the size of an ad in the margin of a website affected sales. They compared 4 ad sizes (tiny, small, medium and large). They posted the ads and measured sales. The size of the ads are _____.
a. mutually exclusive
b. collectively exhaustive
c. all of the above
d. none of the above
correct

17. Let’s try one
Stella was reading an article from a well-respected periodical, and she got very surprised when she read that one of the experiments claimed to be a “True Experiment” when in fact it was a “Quasi-Experiment”! “How can such a publication fail to see such mistake?” she wondered. Please identify which of the following is an example of a “Quasi-Experiment”?
A study that plotted the correlation between the height and weight
of people of all ages
A study that compared the hand sizes of 6 year-olds with those of
40-year-olds
A study that compared the number of hours of sleep required by kids, teenagers, and elderly adults
d. All of the above are examples of quasi-experiments
correct

18. Let’s try one
Alia wants to know how much money her fellow classmates typically have in their savings account. She found that it was not a normal distribution but was a positively skewed distribution. Which would give the best estimate of the 50th percentile?
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. range
correct

19. Let’s try one
Dimitrius is a football player. The coaching staff just made changes to their workout routine and Dimitrius wants to know how his teammates feel about it. Because he is not interested in making conclusions about other football teams but just wants to describe the opinions of his fellow players, he considers the team to be the population. So, he surveys the entire team (every single player) to understand their attitudes about the changes. He is using a _____ to estimate a _____.
a. stratified sample to estimate a statistic
b. convenience sample to estimate a parameter
c. census to estimate a parameter
d. census to estimate a statistic
correct

20. Let’s try one
Mel, Annie, and Sheryl are all racing in a 50-yard dash. The time it takes them to finish the race is a:
a. discrete variable and a ratio level of measurement
b. discrete variable and a interval level of measurement
c. continuous variable and a ratio level of measurement
d. continuous variable and a interval level of measurement
correct

21. Let’s try one 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (Measured in seconds)
Mel, Annie, and Sheryl are all racing in a 50-yard dash. For reference here is a distribution of the scores of everyone in the race. They reported their times in z-scores. Which z score would make them happiest? .
a. a z-score of -4.1
b. a z-score of -2.2
c. a z-score of +1.1
d. a z-score of +3.4
correct
(Measured in seconds)

22. Let’s try one 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (Measured in seconds)
Mel, Annie, and Sheryl are all racing in a 50-yard dash. For reference here is a distribution of the scores of everyone in the race. They reported their times in z-scores. Mel’s score was considered “not unusual”. Which z score must be Mel’s? .
a. a z-score of -4.1
b. a z-score of -2.2
c. a z-score of +1.1
d. a z-score of +3.4
correct
Labeling z scores
0 up to 2 = “not unusual scores”
2 up to 3 = “unusual scores”
3 up to 4 = “outliers”
4 and beyond = “extreme outliers”
(Measured in seconds)

23. If score is within 2 standard deviations (z < 2)
“not unusual score”
If score is beyond 2 standard deviations (z = 2 or up to 3)
“is unusual score”
If score is beyond 3 standard deviations (z = 3 or up to 4)
“is an outlier”
If score is beyond 4 standard deviations (z = 4 or beyond)
“is an extreme outlier”

24. Let’s try one 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (Measured in seconds)
Mel, Annie, and Sheryl are all racing in a 50-yard dash. For reference here is a distribution of the scores of everyone in the race. This distribution has a mean of 9 and a standard deviation of 1. Annie was slower than 84% of the curve (got a higher time). What was her time?
a. 8
b. 9
c. 10
d. 11
correct
(Measured in seconds)

25. Hint always draw a picture! Hint always draw a picture!
Let’s try one
Mel, Annie, and Sheryl are all racing in a 50-yard dash. For reference here is a distribution of the scores of everyone in the race. This distribution has a mean of 9 and a standard deviation of 1. Sheryl ran the race in 7 seconds. What proportion of the runners had a score between 7 and 9? a b c d
correct
(Measured in seconds)
Hint always draw a picture!
Hint always draw a picture!

26. Victoria was also interested in the effect of vacation time on productivity
of the workers in her department. In her department some workers took
vacations and some did not. She measured the productivity of those
workers who did not take vacations and the productivity of those workers
who did (after they returned from their vacations).
This is an example of a _____.
a. quasi-experiment
b. true experiment
c. correlational study
correct
Let’s try one

27. Ian was interested in the effect of incentives for girl scouts on the number
of cookies sold. He randomly assigned girl scouts into one of three groups.
The three groups were given one of three incentives and he looked to see
who sold more cookies. The 3 incentives were: 1) Trip to Hawaii, 2) New
Bike or 3) Nothing. This is an example of a ___.
a. quasi-experiment
b. true experiment
c. correlational study
correct
Let’s try one

28. Ian was interested in the effect of incentives and age for girl scouts on the
number of cookies sold. He randomly assigned girl scouts into one of three
groups. The three groups were given one of three incentives and he looked
to see who sold more cookies. The 3 incentives were: 1) Trip to Hawaii,
2) New Bike or 3) Nothing. He also measured their age. This is an example
of a ___.
a. quasi-experiment
b. true experiment
c. correlational study
d. mixed design
correct
Let’s try one

29. Let’s try one Relationship between movie times and
amount of concession purchases.
Marietta is a manager of a movie theater. She wanted to know whether
there is a difference in concession sales for afternoon (matinee) movies
vs. evening movies. She took a random sample of 25 purchases from
the matinee movie (mean of $7.50) and 25 purchases from the evening
show (mean of $10.50). She compared these two means. This is an
example of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
correct
Let’s try one

30. Marietta is a manager of a movie theater. She wanted to know whether
there is a difference in concession sales for afternoon (matinee) movies
vs. evening movies. She took a random sample of 25 purchases from
the matinee movie (mean of $7.50) and 25 purchases from the evening
show (mean of $10.50). She compared these two means. This is an
example of a _____.
a. between participant design
b. within participant design
c. mixed participant design

31. Marietta is a manager of a movie theater. She wanted to know whether
there is a difference in concession sales for afternoon (matinee) movies
vs. evening movies. She took a random sample of 25 purchases from
the matinee movie (mean of $7.50) and 25 purchases from the evening
show (mean of $10.50). She compared these two means. This is an
example of a _____.
a. quasi experimental design
b. true experimental design
c. mixed participant design
quasi

32. Let’s try one c. a. d. b. Relationship between movie times and
amount of concession purchases.
Marietta is a manager of a movie theater. She wanted to know whether
there is a difference in concession sales for afternoon (matinee) movies
and evening movies. She took a random sample of 25 purchases from
the matinee movie (mean of $7.50) and 25 purchases from the evening
show (mean of $10.50). Which of the following would be the appropriate
graph for these data
Matinee
Evening
Concession purchase a. c.
Concession purchase
Movie Times
correct
Movie Times
Concession purchase d.
Movie Time
Concession b.
Let’s try one

33. Relationship between daily fish-oil capsules
and cholesterol levels in men.
Pharmaceutical firm tested whether fish-oil capsules taken daily
decrease cholesterol. They measured cholesterol levels for 30 male
subjects and then had them take the fish-oil daily for 2 months and
tested their cholesterol levels again. Then they compared the mean
cholesterol before and after taking the capsules. This is an example
of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
correct

34. Let’s try one Relationship between GPA and starting salary
Elaina was interested in the relationship between the grade point
average and starting salary. She recorded for GPA. and starting
salary for 100 students and looked to see if there was a relationship.
This is an example of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
correct
GPA
Starting
Salary
Relationship between
GPA and Starting salary
Let’s try one

35. What type of analysis is this?
An automotive firm tested whether driving styles can affect gas efficiency
in their cars. They observed 100 drivers and found there were four
general driving styles. They recruited a sample of 100 drivers all of
whom drove with one of these 4 driving styles. Then they asked all 100
drivers to use the same model car for a month and recorded their gas
mileage. Then they compared the mean mpg for each driving style.
This is an example of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
One-way ANOVA
Let’s try another one
Between
Let’s try another one
Quasi-experiment
This is an example of a
a. between participant design
b. within participant design
c. mixed participant design
This is an example of a
a. true experimental design
b. quasi-experimental design
c. mixed design

36. What type of analysis is this?
Marietta is a manager of a movie theater. She wanted to know whether there is a difference in concession sales for people of all ages. She simply measured their age and how much they spent on treats.
This is an example of a _____.
a. correlation
b. t-test
c. one-way ANOVA
d. two-way ANOVA
Correlation
Let’s try one

37. Thank you!
See you next time!!