1. Emergency Cycle
WFP Logistics, We Deliver

2. Lesson Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: 1
Outline the phases of an emergency and key responses associated with them 2
Describe the basic needs of disaster affected populations and prioritisation during emergencies 3
Describe the role of a staging area

3. Emergency Cycle Search and Rescue Rebuilding and Reconstruction
Needs assessment
Resource Mobilization
Relief
Rebuilding and Reconstruction
Event
Response
Recovery
Preparedness
Mitigation
Monitor events
Forecasting
Stockpiling
Contingency Planning
Logistics Capacity Assessment
Lessons learned
Mitigation

4. The Cluster System
The Cluster System

5. Logistics Cluster What is the Logistics Cluster?
What the Logistics Cluster can do
What the Logistics Cluster can’t do

6. Cluster Relationship with Host Government
Scale of emergency and Government response
Structure of government representation in the Logistics Cluster
Co lead / chair of logistics cluster
Observer or liaison role
Client (where services provided)

7. Generic Emergency Prioritisation
Prioritization
Self-
Actual-
isation
Pursue Talent, Creativity, Fulfillment
Self-Esteem Achievement, Mastery Recognition
Belonging Friends, Family, Community
Safety Security, Shelter
Physiological Food, Water, Warmth
Generic Emergency Prioritisation
Maslow’s Pyramid
Food
(Weeks)
Water
(Days)
Heat
(Hours)
Air
(Minutes)
Medical
Medical
Hierarchy of physiological needs

8. Main programs in Emergency
Water & sanitation
Food
Nutrition
Shelter
Education
Health

9. Various Relief Items

10. Humanitarian Cargo Relief Items Food Commodities Medical Items
Housing & Shelter Items
WASH Items
Food commodities
Operational Support Equipment
Dangerous Items
Food Commodities
Cereals/Cereal Blends
Oils
Salt
Sugar
Pulses
Fortified Foods
RTUF

11. Need-to-Delivery Time Donation-to-delivery Donation-to-delivery
Beneficiary
Needs Assessment
Request Made
Request Processed
Donation-to-delivery
Donation-to-delivery
Information Time
&
Movement Time
Beneficiary
Supply
Goods Moved

12. First few days – Needs not clearly defined
Logistics Preparedness
Push & Pull
First few days – Needs not clearly defined
Push
Pull
First few weeks – Needs defined

13. Humanitarian Staging Area
Logistics Preparedness
Humanitarian Staging Area
Push-Pull Boundary
Push Strategy
Pull Strategy
Raw Materials
End Customer
Staging Area
Simchi-Levi et al. 2008: 190

14. Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti 1 3
Inbound
Consolidation
Outbound 2
IFRC considered three different options for a staging area for the 2010 Haiti earthquake operation: Miami, Panama and Santo Domingo.

15. Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen
Advantages
Disadvantages
Santo Domingo
Cheapest option
Short lead time to Haiti
Potential to build national society
Coordination with other actors
Likely congestion
Potentially hazardous: earthquakes, security
Customs clearance limitations
Miami
Advanced infrastructure of major shipping port
Regular services to Haiti and Santo Domingo
Cost and time of setting up new office
Estimated most expensive option
Panama
Advanced Infrastructure of major shipping port
Support structure and operating knowledge already in place
Longest distance to Haiti
Not least cost option

16. Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen

17. Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen
Logistics Preparedness
Staging Area Example: Logistics Cluster Yemen
Setting-up a strategic staging area in Djibouti for rapid dispatch of food and relief items. 
Establishing a fuel supply for humanitarian partners inside Yemen
Transporting humanitarian aid, fuel and supplies by sea
Creating an air bridge to channel critical cargo from Djibouti to Yemen. 
Providing storage and transport services to humanitarian partners on the ground. 
Providing air services for aid workers

18. Staging Area Example: Nepal

19. Staging Area Example: Nepal

20. Staging area: Nepal

21. Forward Logistics Base

22. Lesson Recap 1 2 3 Questions:
What are the phases of an emergency and what are the key responses associated with them?
Name some of the the basic needs of disaster affected populations and explain prioritisation during emergencies 2 3
Describe the role of a staging area

23. Questions
WFP Logistics, We Deliver