1. Electric Current

2. We use many electrical appliances in our home.

3. In hospitals, factories, Shops, offices also there are many electrical appliances.

4. These appliances work on the electricity provided by government company. Or on various types of electricity provided. Both of these types of electricity is called Electric current. .

5. The field through which electric current flows is called electric field.
Source of electric current (either Government or electric cell) in electric field, transmission lines, electrical appliances, and a switch to start/stop electric current.

6. Electric current flowing through the field generates current of charges(electron) or flow. When silk cloth and glass rod or woollen cloth and ebonite rod are rubbed electric charges are produced. But the charges remain still on those bodies. With the help of electric cell these static charges are set in motion and electric current is generated.

8. Types of electric cell
1) Simple Cell>
2) Leclanche Cell>
3) Dry Cell>
4) Nickel-Cadmium Cell
5) Button Cell

9. Simple Cell (Voltas Cell)
Positive pole - Copper rod
Negative pole – Zinc rod
Chemical – Dilute Sulphuric acid.

10. Negative pole - Zinc Rod Chemical– Ammonium chloride>
Leclanche> Cell (Cannot be recharged)
Positive pole - Cylindrical Porous pot with mixture of Manganese dioxide and carbon
Negative pole - Zinc Rod
Chemical– Ammonium chloride>

11. Positive pole – Carbon rod
Dry cell> (Cannot be recharged)
Positive pole – Carbon rod
Negative pole – Zinc can
Chemical – Manganese dioxide, graphite, zinc chloride and ammonium chloride

12. Negative pole - Cadmium Chemical - Potassium Hydroxide>
Nickel-Cadmium Cell> - (Can be recharged)
Positive pole - Nickel
Negative pole - Cadmium
Chemical - Potassium Hydroxide>

13. Positive pole - Carbon Button Cell( Lithium Cell)Cannot be recharged
Negative pole - Lithium Iron Phosphate

14. While electric current flows through a conductor, it behaves like a magnet.
Hence a magnetic field develops around it, which causes the deflection of magnetic needle.

15. Electro-Magnetic Induction- If there is a change in the magnetic field associated with a coil of wire ,electric current begins to flow through the coil. Such a current is called induced current. This phenomenon of the change in a magnetic field and the electric current that it generates is called electro-magnetic induction
The working of electric motor is based on the principle of electro magnetic induction..

16. {dÚwV K§Q>rMo H$m_hr {dÚwV Mw§~H$Ëdmda AmYm[aV Amho.
When electric current is passed through a conductor, it
works like a magnet. Such magnets are called electro-magnet.
Uses of Electro-Magnet – Loudspeaker, Telephone, Electric crane.
Electric bell also works on the principle electro-magnet .
{dÚwV K§Q>rMo H$m_hr {dÚwV Mw§~H$Ëdmda AmYm[aV Amho.

17. Electrical Conductors- Substances through which electricity can flow easily are called Electrical Conductors.
Example : All metals

18. Example: Glass, Paper, Rubber, Plastic, stones, etc.
Electric insulators – The substances which do not carry electric current are called Electric insulators.
Example: Glass, Paper, Rubber, Plastic, stones, etc.

19. Electric appliances and its symbols.