1. The Sun is “hot” Solar Eclipse Workshop May 20, 2017
Gary J. Senn, PhD -
Darlene Smalley –

2. Structure of our Sun 1. Core: 15 M°C Source of energy
2. Radiation zone: 5 M°C Transfer of core energy through radiation
3. Convection zone: 2 M°C Hot gases rise, cool gases fall
4. Photosphere ± 6,000 °C Surface
5. Chromosphere: outer surface
6. Corona: outer layer 2 M °C
8. Granulation: caused by convection currents of plasma
9. Prominence:

3. Solar Flare
April 16, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory

4. Solar Flare size - Earth

5. Sunspots

6. Size Comparison

7. Sunspot - Earth

8. Solar Cycle

9. The Solar Cycle Number of Sunspots Time ~11 Years
This graph charts the number of sunspots seen each month
At the solar minimum we see very few sunspots.
But at Solar Maximum you can often see many sunspots at once.
The number of sunspots increase and decrease on an approximately 11-year cycle.
Here we see the increasing and decreasing magnetic activity over a solar cycle. More sunspots and solar storms occur during the solar maximum, at the top of the graph. The white areas are indicators of strong magnetic intensity.
(May want to mention where we are in the solar cycle now- we are near a maximum when this was released, in 2012)
So as we approach the next solar maximum, is there no way to avoid catastrophe?
Presenter’s Notes:
The polarity of the Sun’s magnetic field flips about every 11 years, and so the complete solar cycle is actually around 22 years for the Sun to return to its original state.
Monthly numbers from NASA Marshall Space Flight Center from
The red images are captured using He II 304 emissions showing the solar corona at a temperature of about 60,000 degrees K. Many more sunspots, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections occur during the solar maximum. The increase in activity can be seen in the number of white areas in the images, i.e., indicators of strong magnetic intensity.
Time
~11 Years

11. SOlar & Heliospheric Observatory
European Space Agency
NASA

12. SOHO – May 19, 2017
Visit

13. Solar Observing Be safe!
If anyone asks you to look at the Sun, ask that person to look first.

14. Solar Observing Safety First! Solar retinopathy Full Sun
Partial eclipse
Total eclipse

15. Safe Viewing Options
Eclipse Glasses

16. Safe Tools for Group Viewing
Sunspotter
An Inexpensive Device Useful Any Day

17. Telescope Options
Telescope with filter
Solar Telescope

18. Pinhole Camera/Projector
Inexpensive BUT Not the Way to Watch!

19. Project an Image with a Telescope or Binoculars

20. Source: Eclipse Hawaii – by Ken Miller, Bishop Museum Press

21. Project an Image With a Small Mirror

22. Never Use These To View A Solar Eclipse
Don't use any kind of sunglasses
Don't use color film
Don't use medical X-ray film
Don't use smoked glass (some welder’s glass is ok)
Don't use CDs or computer floppy disks

24. ECLIPSE HYSTERIA!
The sky is falling….
on YOU!!!

27. "Watching a total solar eclipse on TV is sort of like reading about sex.
It's not quite the same as being there."

28. Reality…
In the months following the eclipse, two cases of eye damage were reported in the state of Hawaii. One case was a person who was with a group using Sun Peeps, who even had a Sun Peep in his pocket, but decided not to use it since it was partially cloudy. He suffered only temporary damage. The other case was a woman who knew it was dangerous, but decided to look through binoculars anyway, "but only for a few minutes." She suffered a small permanent burn in one eye. While these cases are, of course regrettable, they were the only ones reported by the hundreds of thousands of Hawaii observers.

29. What will we see Sunspots Prominence