1. Laparoscopic system; LCD monitor (A), Insufflator unit(B), Electro-cuatery (C) , DVD recorder (D) ,Video-camera system (E), Xenon light sources (F) and suction-irrigation machine(G).

2. Video-camera system : head of camera(A),camera control unit(B),telescope(C),light source(D),light cable(E).

3. D A B C
Suction-irrigation machine: Generator (A), rubber tube (B), probe or cannula (C), container (D).

4. Insufflator unit: Electronic insufflator (A), Veress needle (B), conducting rubber tube (C).

5. Laparoscopic instrument; grasper (A), Trocar (B), cannula (C) (10mm) Veress needle (D) and probe or cannula for suction and irrigation machine (E).

6. Laparoscopic instruments used in the experiments. 1. Light cable, 2. a
Laparoscopic instruments used in the experiments. 1. Light cable, 2. a. Head of Camera, b. Cable, 3.Insufflator tube, 4.Telescope, 5. 6.Grasper forceps, 7.Scissor, 8.Needle holder, 9. Clip applier, 10.Cannula, 11.Trocar, 12.Titanium clips, and 13.Suction and irrigation cannula.