1. Oginni O.A, Mapayi B.M, Mosaku K.S, Akinsulore A
A controlled study of depression and suicidal ideation among homosexual students in Nigeria (ID 97)
Oginni O.A, Mapayi B.M, Mosaku K.S, Akinsulore A

2. Introduction
By 2030, depression will be the leading cause of disease burden1.
Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death globally2.
GLB individuals 2-4 times more likely to be depressed and suicidal3-5.
Increased risk explained by minority stress6.
Objectives: To compare prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation and determine mediating factors.

3. Methodology
Cross-sectional study at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
82 homosexual and heterosexual students recruited via snow-balling.
Instruments: To assess socio-demographic information, sexual orientation (Kinsey scale), depression (Zung’s SDS), suicidal ideation (SI) and resilience (PANSI), internalised homophobia and perceived stigma.
SPSS (version 21) used for analysis – descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression.

4. Results: Socio-demographics

5. Accommodation of respondents

6. Result: Depression and suicidal ideation

7. Resilience and childhood factors

8. Results: Odds for depression
Homosexual students 3.7 times as likely to be depressed as heterosexual controls (95% CI: ).
Odds were eliminated by controlling for resilience, neglect by parents in childhood, gender atypical behaviour in childhood, perceived stigma and interaction between resilience and internalized homophobia (IH).
Odds increased by controlling for off-campus accommodation and IH.

9. Results: Odds for suicidal ideation
Homosexual students 3.6 times as likely to be depressed as heterosexual controls (95% CI: ).
The risk for suicidal ideation was eliminated by controlling for perceived stigma and an interaction between IH and resilience.
Controlling for off-campus accommodation increased the risk while controlling for resilience, depression, neglect in childhood, gender atypical behaviour in childhood decreased it .

10. Discussion
Higher rates of depression and SI in homosexual students explained by components of minority stress - perceived stigma and IH6.
Gender atypical behaviour in childhood may impair parent-child interactions and increase risk for depression7,8.
Resilience also highlighted as an important factor9, and may be diminished by childhood factors and minority stress.

11. Depression is generally largest risk factor for SI10, but minority-stress-related factors appear more salient.
Interaction between IH and resilience would require further investigation.

12. References
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Sandfort TGM, Graaf Rd, Biji RV, Schnabel P. Same-sex sexual behavior and psychiatric disorders. Findings from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Archives of General Psychiatry. 2001;58(1):85-91.
Chakraborty A, McManus S, Brugha TS, Bebbington P, King M. Mental health of the non-heterosexual population of England. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2011;198:143-8.
Meyer IH. Minority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of Health and Sexual Behaviour. 1995;36:38-56.
Roberts AL, Rosario M, Slopen N, Calzo JP, Austin SB. Childhood Gender Nonconformity, Bullying Victimization, and Depressive Symptoms Across Adolescence and Early Adulthood: An 11-Year Longitudinal Study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2013;52(2):
McConaghy N, Silove D. Do sex-linked behaviours in childhood influence relationships with parents? Archives of Sexual behavior. 1992;21:
Kwon P. Resilience in lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals. Personality and Social Psychology Review. 2013;17(4):
Bernal M, Haro JM, Bernert S, Brugha T, deGraaf R, Bruffaerts R, et al. Risk factors for suicidality in Europe: Results from the ESEMED study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2007;101:27-34.

13. THANK YOU