1. From BI to Big DatA

2. IT infrasructure and the Organization
Technology Push
Competitive Pull
Cost performance trends
Connectivity capabilities
Innovative IT-enabled applications to obtain differential benefits in the marketplace to stay competitive
IT as a Strategic Resource
Enhancing Productivity
Leveraging IT

4. ERP Enterprise Systems
Also called “enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems”
Suite of integrated software modules and a common central database
Collects data from many divisions of firm for use in nearly all of firm’s internal business activities
Information entered in one process is immediately available for other processes
This slide describes the main purpose of enterprise systems. Ask students for examples of why it might be valuable to have information from one process instantly available to another process.

5. ERP
© Pearson Education 2012

6. Integration of a Firm’s processes6

7. BI
Business Intelligence

8. What is Business Intelligence?
Business Intelligence enables the business to make intelligent, fact-based decisions
Aggregate Data
Present
Data
Enrich
Data
Inform a Decision
Database, Data Mart, Data Warehouse, ETL Tools, Integration Tools
Reporting Tools, Dashboards, Static Reports, Mobile Reporting, OLAP Cubes
Add Context to Create Information, Descriptive Statistics, Benchmarks, Variance to Plan or LY
Decisions are Fact-based and Data-driven

9. Business Intelligence:
Tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions
Principle tools include:
ETL
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
Data mining
This slide discusses the role of business intelligence in helping firm’s make better decisions. The text uses the example of Harrah’s Entertainment:
“For instance, Harrah’s Entertainment, the second-largest gambling company in its industry, continually analyzes data about its customers gathered when people play its slot machines or use Harrah’s casinos and hotels. Harrah’s marketing department uses this information to build a detailed gambling profile, based on a particular customer’s ongoing value to the company. This information guides management decisions about how to cultivate the most profitable customers, encourage those customers to spend more, and attract more customers with high revenue-generating potential. Business intelligence has improved Harrah’s profits so much that it has become the centerpiece of the firm’s business strategy.”

10. BI Business Intelligence Data mining The Data Marts E MAILING Website
History
Social Network
DATAWAREHOUSE
OLAP
ETL 2 1 3
Data mining
The Data Marts
HRM
MKTG
Acc
Finance
HRM
MARKETING
Accounting
Finance

11. What does a Multi-Dimensional Database look like?
MEASURE
The word “measure” is exactly what it means: a number that we want to analyze, what we want to measure in our analysis
In this example:
410 is the number of packages delivered

12. What does a Multi-Dimensional Database look like?
The business attribute that “describes” the measure.
In this example:
We find that the 410 measure has important context, it represents the intersection of:
- Route
- Source
- Time

13. What does a Multi-Dimensional Database look like?
MEASURE CONTEXT
Specifically, the 410 packages are related to:
ROUTE:
Non-Ground / Air
SOURCE:
Eastern Hemisphere / Australia
TIME:
2nd Half / 4th Quarter on November 27, 1999

14. What does a Multi-Dimensional Database look like?
HIERARCHY
Literally, from the highest level “grain” to the most detailed grain. Think: Year/Qtr/Month/Week/Day
In this example:
The Source dimension can be drilled-down into increasing levels of detail. Each time we do this, the cube recalculates all measures at the intersections. 1 2

15. What does a Multi-Dimensional Database look like?
TIME INTELLIGENCE
One of the very special attributes of cubes is their ability to understand time concepts, like:
- This year vs. Last year (Q/M/W)
- This month/This year
vs Same month/Previous year
- This is inter-period analytical span…a huge win for management decision support!

16. Big Data EveryWhere! Lots of data is being collected and warehoused
Web data, e-commerce
purchases at department/ grocery stores
Bank/Credit Card transactions
Social Network

18. 4V

23. Type of Data Relational Data (Tables/Transaction/Legacy Data)
Text Data (Web)
Semi-structured Data (XML)
Graph Data
Social Network, Semantic Web (RDF), …
Streaming Data
You can only scan the data once

24. Example: The Earthscope1.
Example: The Earthscope
The Earthscope is the world's largest science project. Designed to track North America's geological evolution, this observatory records data over 3.8 million square miles, amassing 67 terabytes of data. It analyzes seismic slips in the San Andreas fault, sure, but also the plume of magma underneath Yellowstone and much, much more. (

25. Maximilien Brice, © CERN

26. What to do with these data?
Aggregation and Statistics
Data warehouse and OLAP
Indexing, Searching, and Querying
Keyword based search
Pattern matching (XML/RDF)
Knowledge discovery
Data Mining
Statistical Modeling (using R)