1. Human Anatomy and Body Systems

2. Levels of Organization
Remember, the human body is organized in several levels, from the simplest to the most complex. . .
Cells – the basic unit of life
Tissues– clusters of cells performing a similar function
Organs– made of tissues that perform one specific function
Organ Systems – groups of organs that perform a specific purpose in the human body
***The purpose of the 11 organ systems is for the human body to maintain homeostasis.

3. The 11 Human Body Systems
The Body Systems work together to maintain homeostasis and carry out the tasks we need to survive:
The 11 human body systems are as follows:
-- nervous system -- integumentary system
-- respiratory system -- digestive system
-- excretory system -- skeletal system
-- muscular system -- circulatory system
-- endocrine system -- reproductive system
-- lymphatic (immune) system

4. Integumentary System Skin is the major organ
- Largest organ of the body
- approx lbs in adults
Functions:
1.) A mechanical, chemical and biological barrier
+ protects the internal environment
+ protects against fluid and protein loss
2. ) Thermoregulation
+ control of internal temperature
3.) Sensations
+ Receptors for touch, temp., pain
+ Waste elimination
+ Produces vitamin D

5. The Skeletal System
Purpose: to provide structure and support to the human body– each bone is an organ bones
Joints and cartilage also complete the system.
Functions:
Support the body
Protect the organs
Muscle attachment sites
Levers for movement
Blood cell formation
Mineral storage

6. The Muscular System
Purpose: works with the skeletal and nervous system to produce movement, also helps to circulate blood through the human body– each muscle is an organ– over 600 muscles– attaches to bone
Amazing Medical Stories - Season 3, Episode 3
Functions:
Contract and relax to cause movement
Stabilize body position
Generate heat

7. The Nervous System
Purpose: produces electrical messages for communication within the body – one of the most complex yet smallest systems of the body-- Composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and special sense organs.
Functions:
Uses receptors to monitor internal and external environment
Interprets stimuli
Responds to stimuli
This in turn regulates bodily activities
Special senses: taste, smell, sight, hearing, touch

8. Diagram of a Nerve Cell

9. Break Time! Skin Hair Ligaments Blood Cell Formation Tendons
Protection
Brain Thermoregulation Joints

10. Break Time! Spinal Cord Support Blood Cell Formation
Sudoriferous Glands
Contract & Relax
Neuron Heat Generation

11. The Endocrine System
Purpose: to control growth, development, metabolism and reproduction through the production and secretion of hormones
Major Organs
-- hypothalamus
-- pituitary gland
-- thyroid
-- parathyroid
-- adrenal glands
-- pancreas
-- testes
-- ovaries

12. The Cardiovascular System
Purpose: to deliver oxygenated blood to the various cells and organ systems in your body so they can undergo cellular respiration
Composed of:
Heart
Pump
Blood- the cells that flow through the circulatory system
Blood vessels:
Arteries- flow away from heart
Veins- flow toward heart
Capillaries-flow between arteries and veins

13. The Cardiovascular System
Functions:
Supplies cells with nutrients and oxygen
Removes waste products
Regulates pH balance
Regulates water volume
Regulates temperature
Defends against disease
Mends damaged muscles 

14. Quick Overview The heart is a 4 chambered pump.
Left side- pumps blood through arteries to capillaries.
At the capillaries- nutrient rich blood is released into the tissues.
Also at the capillaries- the blood receives waste.
Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart thru veins.
Right side- pumps blood to the lungs to rid waste and get oxygen
In the course of 1 minute all the blood in the body circulates thru the heart!!

15. Image of the Circulatory System

16. The Lymphatic/Immune System
Purpose: to remove infectious diseases and other pathogens from the human body
Major Organs: spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymph, tonsils
Functions:
Return blood supply fluids and proteins
Transports lipids
Houses lymphocytes that defend the body

17. The Respiratory System
Purpose: to provide the body with a fresh supply of oxygen for cellular respiration and remove the waste product carbon dioxide
Major Organs: Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli, diaphragm
Functions:
Brings air in
Transfers oxygen and carbon dioxide
Regulates pH
Produces sound, by use of vocal cords when air passes over
***A healthy adult breathes in and out times each minute, exchanging a total of 6 liters of gas per minute!***

18. Image of the Respiratory System

19. The Digestive System
Purpose: Breaks down foods into simple molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body
Major Organs:
Mouth Liver
Esophagus Gallbladder
Stomach Small Intestine
Pancreas Large Intestine
***food that is eaten is not considered “in” the body until it is digested and absorbed by the digestive tract***

20. The Digestive System

21. How many of each organ are there?
The Excretory System
Purpose: to rid the body of wastes, including excess water and salts
Major Organs and Their Functions
Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra
Functions
Filters blood
Eliminates waste
Regulates composition of blood
Maintains pH
Maintains mineral homeostasis
Produces urine
Regulates RBC production
How many of each organ are there?
***Daily 180 liters of water are removed from the blood and are returned to the blood, producing 1-2 liters of urine***

22. The Excretory System

23. The Reproductive System
Female vs. Male
Explain the differences
Male:
Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Penis
Female:
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Ovaries
vagina
Which does which? Male vs. Female:
Produces eggs Nourishes an embryo
Produces sperm Delivers a baby
Stores sperm Produces Hormones
Watches and is relieved its not them!

24. The Reproductive System

25. What did you learn today????
Nothing 
Body Systems!!
What did you learn today????
A lot 
Yo mama stinks

26. Break Time! 600+ Breaks Down Food Vas Deferens Alveoli Largest Organ
Atrium filters blood & eliminates urine

27. Break Time! Hormones Bronchus White Blood Cells Bone Cell Formation
Pain receptors -oma
Cerebrum Thermoregulation

28. See what Hiccups are…? Research it…..