1. Conflict
Review #9

2. World War I Causes WWI Effects Militarism (Industrial Rev.) Alliances
Germany blamed Treaty of Versailles  Depression Hitler/WWII
New countries in Eastern Europe
League of Nations created but very weak
Mandates created in Middle East
Nationalist movements
Militarism (Industrial Rev.)
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Assassination of archduke Ferdinand in the Balkan powder keg
Europe

3. World War II Causes WWII Effects World 1939-1945
Creation of United Nations
Nuremberg Trials holds individuals responsible
Creation of Israel
Cold War  Germany and Korea divided
Japan  democracy
Partition of India between Hindu and Muslim
Indian and African independence movements
Fascism in Germany/ Italy
Hitler breaks Treaty of Versailles  appeasement allows him to continue
Asia—Japan imperialistic– needs natural resources Rape of Nanjing in China
World

4. The Cold War Causes Effects World War II ended European supremacy
Dropping of A-bomb of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Competing ideologies (communism vs. capitalism/democracy
Cuban Missile Crisis
Korean War
Vietnam War
Space Race
Arms Race (Nuclear Proliferation)
Iron Curtain divided Europe into Western democracy and Soviet influenced E. Europe
*Soviet Union collapses with Gorbachev’s glasnost and perestroika

5. Human Rights Violations
Ukraine
South Africa
Rwanda
Stalin implements Five Year Plan and collective farms 
Kulaks (wealthy, industrialized farmers) in Ukraine protest 
Forced famine
The state sets high quotas a takes food grown
Imperialism = white control of South Africa
Apartheid in South Africa (separation of the races)  blacks can’t vote, public facilities separated
Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu use civil disobedience to end it
Berlin Conference (1884) causes ethnic conflict 
Hutu extremists attack Tutsi minorities 
1 million dead in 100 days 
UN involvement
Mass migration from Rwanda

6. Human Rights Violations
Cambodia
Myanmar
Sudan
American forces leave Vietnam 
Communist rebels in the Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot come to power
Slaughtered over one million Cambodians to rid Cambodia of Western influence
Fighting continued until the 1990s
Repressive military takes over when British leave 
Struggles with poverty and ethnic tensions
Aung San Suu Kyi has led a democratic movement against military rule
Arab Muslims (janjaweed) attacking Black Muslims in Darfur (South Sudan) 
Refugee crisis as people flee Darfur
Sudan rich in oil = no U.N. intervention

7. Modern Crisis in the Middle East
Secular vs. Traditional
Palestine/ Israel
The 21st Century
Islamic Fundamentalism (struggle between Western/ Technology ideas and traditional Islam
Examples: Iranian Revolution with rise of Ayatollah Khomeini
Taliban in Afghanistan
Anti-semitism throughout world 
Created Israel in 1947 as homeland to Jews 
Desire for homeland = Jewish and Arab nationalism
Extremists preventing peace process
9/11 attacks led to increase US presence in Middle East (Iraq and Afghanistan)
Led to women’s rights but more anti-West sentiments