1. Warm Up # 4
Based on the information that you learned with your graphs last class how was the South able to draw out the Civil War so long?
They had less men, resources, access to technology, so why did they not just fold immediately?

2. The American Civil War

3. Essential Question
What is the ultimate legacy of the Civil War?

4. Background: Election and Secession
Election of 1860
November 6, 1860
Lincoln elected
South Carolina secedes
December 20, 1860
The action of withdrawing formally from membership of a political state

5. Background: Election and Secession
By February 1861
Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Texas, and Louisiana had left too
Form the Confederate States of America (Confederacy)
April-June 1861
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas join

7. Causes Economic differences between North and South Slavery
Amount of power from the federal government

8. A Divided Nation Comparing Northern and Southern Societies
South had 9 million people but 3 million were slaves
Average Southerner not as wealthy as average Northerner
Fewer immigrants
North had triple the population of the South
More money
90% of American industry and railroads were in the North
Most other countries recognized the Union as the government in America

9. The Leaders Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis 16th president
Opposed expansion of slavery
Led Union during Civil War
President of Confederate States of America
Not very effective as President
Had served as US Secretary of War (and as a senator and Representative)

10. Strategies Defensive strategy Blockade the South to stop trade
North | Anaconda Plan
South | King Cotton
Diplomacy
Defensive strategy
Try to ally with Britain and France, must show the Confederacy is strong
Attack Union territory to draw Union troops out of the South
Blockade the South to stop trade
Control the Mississippi River
Divide and isolate sections of the South

12. The Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863
Issued by Lincoln
Granted freedom to all slaves from states that were in rebellion against the union
Slaves from union-supporting border states were not granted freedom
Confederacy claimed Lincoln could not issue laws for states of which he didn’t have control
Video

13. The Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863
After the Battle of Gettysburg
Union victory, General Lee from the Confederacy was forced to retreat
Nearly 5,000 killed and 18,000 wounded or missing
Lincoln arrived to dedicate the battlefield to the fallen soldiers of the war
He never said the words, “slavery”, “confederate” or “union”
He emphasized healing and working toward the ideals found in the Declaration of Independence

14. The Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863
272 words, yet considered one of the greatest speeches in American History
Here’s why:
/watch?v=BvA0J_2ZpIQ

15. Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865
Lee surrendered his army
The Confederate army was significantly diminished
Grant allowed the southerners to return home with their horses as a sign of respect
All confederate troops had surrendered by April 26
General Lee surrendered his Confederate army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, Lee’s army had diminished, which contributed to Union General Grant’s many victories near the end of the war. In a sign of respect, Grant allowed Lee to keep his saber and horse.
General Joseph Johnston was the last Confederate general who continued to fight. He still believed that the South could win the war. Johnston’s troops eventually fell to federal troops, and he surrendered to General Sherman on April 26, 1865.

16. Assassination of Lincoln April 14, 1865
Lincoln was attending a play at Ford’s Theatre in DC
Shot in the back of the head by John Wilkes Booth
Booth was a loyal Confederate
He thought if he killed Lincoln the South could triumph
Video
The Aftermath of the Assassination
President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated at the end of the Civil War. He was killed on April 14, 1865, while attending a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., with his wife and two other people. Lincoln was watching Our American Cousin when John Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the head.
Booth was a loyal Confederate, and he thought the Confederacy could triumph if Lincoln were dead. Booth jumped off the balcony and broke his ankle, but managed to escape the theater. Lincoln died of his fatal wound the next morning.

17. Legacy of the War Bloodiest war in US history More than 600,000 killed
Led to the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
Abolished slavery
Established the supremacy of the federal government
Video
The Civil War was the bloodiest war in American history. It has been referred to as “The War Between the States,” “The Brother’s War,” and the “War of Northern Aggression.” More than 600,000 Americans lost their lives, and countless others were wounded severely. The Civil War led to passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth , and Fifteen Amendments to the United States Constitution. These amendments outlawed slavery, granted African Americans United States citizenship, and granted African-American males the right to vote. Although equal treatment under the law for African Americans would not be enforced until almost a hundred years later, the Civil War abolished slavery and established the supremacy of the federal government.