1. Labour Arrangements and Farmers’ Exchange Networks: Following a Maize-Fertilizer Intervention in Northern Tanzania
Gundula Fischer, Simon Wittich (IITA)
ESA Writeshop Dar es Salaam,
July 2016

2. Introduction and Objective
“We skipped the technology and went back to what we are used to”
Qualitative follow-up study (commissioned by chief scientist)
WTP study in Babati, focus on information, credit/cash constraints
Lottery game: improved maize seeds, Minjingu Mazao, row planting

3. Research Approach
Inductive approach: What do farmers themselves regard as important?
56 semi-structured interviews with farmers, extensionists, implementers etc. and an extensive literature review
Atlas.ti: process of coding, labour emerged as one of the richest codes

4. Main Results and Discussion
Inputs were offered together with a labour-intensive practice (row planting)
Farmers cope with labour and time constraints through ox-ploughing
Exchange networks revolve around ox-ploughing, labour, manure, crop residues
Continuum of exclusive family and hired labour

5. Main Results and Discussion
Different farmer groups:
Poorer farmers: cannot fulfill labour requirements, child labour
Farmers of larger fields: time contraints, limited availability of hired labour
Off-farm income: row-planting on small plots

6. Conclusion
Stronger focus on labour needed (Who? Gender? Class? Child Labour?)
SI indicator framework: contribution to social domain, how is labour embedded in social relationships, how do technologies relate/alter existing labour organization

7. Thank You