1. Chapter 10: Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function and Vision
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2. Oxidation is best described as a process in which
a carcinogen causes a mutation in a stem cell's DNA.
an atom loses an electron.
two atoms exchange electrons.
a complex compound is broken apart with the addition of water.
Answer: b) an atom loses an electron.
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3. Oxidation is best described as a process in which
a carcinogen causes a mutation in a stem cell's DNA.
an atom loses an electron.
two atoms exchange electrons.
a complex compound is broken apart with the addition of water.
Answer: b) an atom loses an electron.
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4. Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin E?
It enhances the absorption of iron.
It can be manufactured from beta-carotene.
It is a critical component of the glutathione peroxidase system.
It protects the lipid molecules in cell membranes from oxidation.
Answer: d) It protects the lipid molecules in cell membranes from oxidation.
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5. Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin E?
It enhances the absorption of iron.
It can be manufactured from beta-carotene.
It is a critical component of the glutathione peroxidase system.
It protects the lipid molecules in cell membranes from oxidation.
Answer: d) It protects the lipid molecules in cell membranes from oxidation.
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6. Which of the following is a critical function of vitamin C?
It is required for the formation of collagen.
It regenerates glutathione to its antioxidant form.
It reduces the incidence, duration, and severity of the common cold.
It promotes the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A.
Answer: a) It is required for the formation of collagen.
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7. Which of the following is a critical function of vitamin C?
It is required for the formation of collagen.
It regenerates glutathione to its antioxidant form.
It reduces the incidence, duration, and severity of the common cold.
It promotes the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A.
Answer: a) It is required for the formation of collagen.
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8. Which of the following trace minerals is part of the structure of catalase?
iodine
iron
copper
manganese
Answer: b) iron
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9. Which of the following trace minerals is part of the structure of catalase?
iodine
iron
copper
manganese
Answer: b) iron
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10. Beta-carotene is a weak antioxidant phytochemical. a carotenoid.
a provitamin for vitamin A.
all of the above.
Answer: d) all of the above.
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11. Beta-carotene is a weak antioxidant phytochemical. a carotenoid.
a provitamin for vitamin A.
all of the above.
Answer: d) all of the above.
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12. Vitamin A
participates in the conversion of iodopsin to rhodopsin, a key step in both black-and-white and color vision.
opposes oxidation of the pigment in rod cells during the bleaching process.
is a key component of the pigment in rod cells that enables us to perceive black-and-white images.
is a key player in the process by which humans see in the dark.
Answer: c) is a key component of the pigment in rod cells that enables us to perceive black-and-white images.
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13. Vitamin A
participates in the conversion of iodopsin to rhodopsin, a key step in both black-and-white and color vision.
opposes oxidation of the pigment in rod cells during the bleaching process.
is a key component of the pigment in rod cells that enables us to perceive black-and-white images.
is a key player in the process by which humans see in the dark.
Answer: c) is a key component of the pigment in rod cells that enables us to perceive black-and-white images.
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14. Deficiency of vitamin A is associated with
scurvy and anemia
erythrocyte hemolysis and impaired movement
xerophthalmia and hyperkeratosis
carotenosis and carotenodermia
Answer: c) xerophthalmia and hyperkeratosis
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15. Deficiency of vitamin A is associated with
scurvy and anemia
erythrocyte hemolysis and impaired movement
xerophthalmia and hyperkeratosis
carotenosis and carotenodermia
Answer: c) xerophthalmia and hyperkeratosis
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16. Within a year or two of its initiation, cancer develops to the point at which it is able to
invade surrounding tissues.
establish its own blood supply.
release malignant cells into the blood or lymph.
none of the above is true.
Answer: d) none of the above is true.
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17. Within a year or two of its initiation, cancer develops to the point at which it is able to
invade surrounding tissues.
establish its own blood supply.
release malignant cells into the blood or lymph.
none of the above is true.
Answer: d) none of the above is true.
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18. The modifiable factor that most significantly increases the risk for cancer is
random mutation.
heredity.
tobacco use.
poor nutrition.
Answer: c) tobacco use.
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19. The modifiable factor that most significantly increases the risk for cancer is
random mutation.
heredity.
tobacco use.
poor nutrition.
Answer: c) tobacco use.
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20. A diet rich in antioxidant nutrients may help reduce the risk for CVD by
causing body cells with mutated DNA to self-repair or self-destruct.
protecting endothelial cell membranes and reducing inflammation and coagulation.
promoting the synthesis of homocysteine and CRP.
all of the above.
Answer: b) protecting endothelial cell membranes and reducing inflammation and coagulation.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. A diet rich in antioxidant nutrients may help reduce the risk for CVD by
causing body cells with mutated DNA to self-repair or self-destruct.
protecting endothelial cell membranes and reducing inflammation and coagulation.
promoting the synthesis of homocysteine and CRP.
all of the above.
Answer: b) protecting endothelial cell membranes and reducing inflammation and coagulation.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.