1. The Roman Empire
ca. 0 – 180 BCE

2. Table of contents The Apian Way ----------------
Tingad
Form and function
Urban planning – grid plan
Organization
Cardo and decumanus
Pont du Gard
Arch
Aqueducts
Concrete
Colosseum
Amphitheater
Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian
Built by Vespasian on the site of Nero’s palace
Forum of Trajan
Organized urban center containing shopping facilities, restaurants, libraries, temples, and basilica.
The Pantheon
Built by Hadrian and dedicated to planetary gods
Dome
Coffer
Oculus
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3. Table of contents G. Augustus of Primaporta -----------------
Realism mixed with idealism
Symbolically represents strength, peace, plenty, and Augustus’s relationship to the goddess Venus
Pose similar to the Spear Bearer
Propaganda
H Ara Pacis
Pax Romana
Represents Roman "family values" reforms promoted by Augustus
Conscious emulation of Parthenon frieze reliefs
I Column of Trajan
Tells the story of Trajan's victory over the Germanic Dacians
Continuous narrative spirals from bottom to top
J Arch of Titus
Triumphal arch commemorating the sacking of Jerusalem
K Marcus Aurelius
Equestrian portrait
Stoicism
L Garden Fresco
Illusionism
Preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
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4. Roman Map

5. Apian Way
Apian Way, begun c. 312 B.C.E.

6. Tingad
Timgad, aerial view

7. Pont du Gard
Pont du Gard, near Nimes, France, c B.C.E. Stone, height 180 ft., length c. 900 ft.

8. Colosseum
Colosseum, Rome, c C.E.

9. Forum of Trajan
Diagram of the Forum of Trajan

10. The Pantheon, Rome, c. 118-125 B.C.E.

11. Augustus of Primaporta
Augustus of Primaporta, early first century C.E after a bronze of 20 B.C.E. Marble, height 6 ft. 8 in..

12. Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace), Rome, Italy, 13-9 B.C.E.

13. Column of Trajan
Column of Trajan, Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 C.E.

14. Arch of Titus
Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after 81 C.E.

15. Spoils of Jerusalem
Spoils of Jerusalem, relief panel from Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after 81 C.E Marble, height approximately 7 ft. 10 in.

16. Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, from Rome, Italy, c. 175 C. E
Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, from Rome, Italy, c. 175 C.E Height approximately 11 ft. 6 in.
Marcus Aurelius

17. Garden Fresco
Garden fresco, Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, c B.C.E. Height approximately 6 ft. 7 in.

18. Grid plan—a city layout based on a grid system

19. Cardo
Cardo—the north-south street in a Roman town, intersecting the decumanus at right angles.

20. Decumanus
Decumanus—the east-west street in a Roman town, intersecting the cardo at right angles.

21. Arch
Arch— a curved structural member that spans an opening and is generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks (voissoirs) that transmit the downward pressure laterally.

22. Tunnel Vault
Tunnel vault—a deep, uninterrupted series of arches, one behind the other, in an oblong space.

23. Aqueduct
Aqueduct—an artificial channel carrying a waterway over a valley or other gap

24. Concrete—a building material invented by the Romans and consisting of various proportions of lime mortar, volcanic sand, water, and small stones.
Concrete

25. Amphitheater
Amphitheater—(Greek, “double-theater.”) A Roman building type resembling two Greek theaters put together. The Roman amphitheater featured a continuous elliptical cavea around a central arena.

26. Forum—the public square of an ancient Roman city.

27. Dome
Dome—a hemispheric vault; theoretically, an arch rotated on its vertical axis.

28. Coffer—a sunken panel, often ornamental, in a vault or a ceiling.

29. Oculus—(Latin, “eye.”) The round central opening of a dome.

30. Equestrian portrait
Equestrian portrait—depiction or representation of a person on horseback