2. Mood Disorders Illustrate Emotional Extremes
Mood Disorders are characterized by emotional extremes and come in variety of forms:
1. Major Depressive Disorder
2. Dysthymic Disorder
3. Seasonal Affective Disorder
4. Bipolar Disorder

3. Explaining Mood Disorders
Many behavioral and cognitive changes accompany depression
Unmotivated, grades decreases, no sleep…….
Depression is widespread
Women at greater risk
Women more passive
Men more active
Depression usually goes away
Stressful events usually precede depression
Depression is striking more and earlier

4. Explaining Mood Disorders
Genetic
Mood disorders are genetic
Have not found a single “depression” gene
The Brain
Decrease in serotonin
Lack of activity in frontal lobe

5. Dissociative Disorders
Symptoms
Memory loss (amnesia) of certain time periods, events and people
Mental health problems, including depression and anxiety
A sense of being detached from yourself (depersonalization)
A perception of the people and things around you as distorted and unreal (derealization)
A blurred sense of identity

6. Dissociative Disorders
Causes
children subjected to chronic physical, sexual or emotional abuse
a home environment that is otherwise frightening or highly unpredictable.
A child who learns to dissociate in order to endure an extended period of his or her youth may use this coping mechanism in response to stressful situations throughout life.

7. Schizophrenia Is Not One Disorder
Schizophrenia is a group of disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions.
Schizophrenics often experience hallucinations (false perceptions) and delusions (false beliefs of grandeur or persecution).

8. Positive vs. Negative Symptoms
Positive symptoms involve the presence of inappropriate perceptions behavior.
Ex: Hallucinations, Delusions, “Word Salad,” Inappropriate laughter, etc.
Negative symptoms involves the absence of appropriate behavior.
Ex: toneless voices, expressionless, rigid, mute, etc.

9. Personality disorders
Symptoms
Frequent mood swings
Stormy relationships
Social isolation
Angry outbursts
Suspicion and mistrust of others
Difficulty making friends
A need for instant gratification
Poor impulse control
Alcohol or substance abuse

10. Personality disorders
Causes
The causes of personality disorders are not fully known.
Nurture- possible causes include trauma in early childhood such as abuse, violence, inadequate parenting and neglect.
nature- Neurological and genetic factors may also play a part