1. Chapter 17.2 – Focus Question
How did the Renaissance develop in northern Europe?

2. Chapter Vocabulary
Engraving – sketching a design on a metal plate with acid. The artist then uses the plate to make prints.
Vernacular – everyday language of ordinary people.
Utopian – an ideal society

3. Chapter 17.2 – Artists of the Northern Renaissance
Albrecht Durer – He helped spread the Renaissance to Germany. He is called the “German Leonardo.”
Jan and Hubert van Eyck painted townspeople in rich, realistic detail. They also developed oil paint.
Pieter Bruegel used vibrant colors to portray peasant life. His work influenced later Flemish artists.
Peter Paul Reubens blended the realistic traditions of Flemish painters with the classical themes and artistic freedom of the Italian Renaissance.

4. Writers of the Northern Renaissance
Rabelais – Offered opinions on religion, education, and other subjects.
Shakespeare – wrote 37 plays, enriched English language by adding 1,700 words.
Cervantes – Spanish author; wrote Don Quixote; mocks romantic notions of medieval chivalry

5. Northern Humanists
Erasmus - called for reform of the church and for the bible to be translated from Latin into the vernacular, or language of ordinary people.
More - pressed for social reform and wrote of a utopian society.

6. The Printing Revolution
Gutenberg - printed the Bible using the first printing press and printing inks.
Printed books were cheaper and easier to produce.
With books more readily available, more people learned to read.
Readers gained access to a broad range of knowledge and ideas.

7. A modern artist depicts Gutenberg and his printing press; at top right is a Bible Gutenberg printed circa 1455.