1. Food Security, Hunger, and Malnutrition
Chapter 15

2. What Is Food Security? Persistent hunger Food security Food insecurity
1 in 7 people worldwide
Affects people in every country
Food security
Able to obtain sufficient nutritious food
Food insecurity
Poverty, war, natural disaster
Degrees
Adequate food produced in the world

3. What Is Food Security? Varied responses to food insecurity Feelings
Family dynamics
Social interactions

4. What Is Food Security? Prevalence of food insecurity in U.S.
Average: $44 per person per week for food
Food availability and access
Low food security
Very low food security
Groups at greatest risk for hunger
Food insecurity is expected to increase
Prevalence among children

5. What Is Food Security? Poverty
Is not only a problem among the unemployed
40% of adults requesting food assistance are employed
Households with income above the poverty line also experience food insecurity

6. What Is Food Security? Food insecurity
Living location
Race and ethnicity
Head of household
Single moms
Socioeconomically disadvantaged communities
Food desert
Adverse health outcomes

7. State-Level Prevalence of Food Insecurity

8. What Are the Consequences of Food Insecurity?
Mothers
Children
Most significant long-term effects
School difficulties
Standardized tests and absences
Behavioral problems
Depression
Suicide
Older adults

9. What Are the Consequences of Food Insecurity?
Food-based assistance in U.S.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
EBT cards
Federal program
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
USDA
WIC-approved nutrient-dense foods

10. What Are the Consequences of Food Insecurity?
Food-based assistance in the U.S.
Other federally funded programs
National school lunch program
School breakfast program
Privately funded programs
Food banks
Food pantry
Food kitchen
Food recovery program

11. Select Federal Food Assistance Programs

12. What Causes Worldwide Hunger and Malnutrition?
16% of people in poor countries do not have enough to eat
Asia has largest number of hungry people
Sub-Saharan Africa has highest percentage

13. International Prevalence of Food Insecurity

14. What Causes Worldwide Hunger and Malnutrition?
Factors contributing to food insecurity
Political unrest
Urbanization
Production, procurement, & distribution
Composition of diets
Population growth
Gender inequality
Educational and employment opportunities

15. What Causes Worldwide Hunger and Malnutrition?
Consequence of food insecurity
Undernutrition
Short-term and long-term effects
Overnutrition
Forms
Nutrient deficiencies
Iron, iodine, vitamin A
Energy deficiency

16. What Causes Worldwide Hunger and Malnutrition?
Individual consequences
Pregnancy
Low-birth-weight baby
High death rate among children & infants
Worsen adverse effects of disease
Growth and development for children
Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF)

17. What Causes Worldwide Hunger and Malnutrition?
Societal consequences
Economic growth
Standard of living
International organizations
United Nations
Conditional cash-transfer program
U.S. Peace Corps
Heifer International
Living loans

18. What Can You Do to Alleviate Food Insecurity?
Factors influencing food insecurity
Improve food availability and access
Influential economic and social circumstances
Take action against hunger