1. A New World
Explorers

2. Essential Questions
 How did Native American culture change as a result of European exploration?  Why did the Europeans (French, Spanish, and British) explore and settle in the southeastern part of North America?
This is an essential question for this section of the chapter.

3. Age of Discovery
For almost 3 centuries, European nations would challenge each other for rights to the Western Hemisphere.

4. Plus Scattered Islands in the Ocean
Europeans believed the world consisted of only 3 continents:
World
Europe
Plus Scattered Islands in the Ocean
Africa
Asia

5. European Colonization
Line of Demarcation –
Spain and Portugal signed a treaty which divided the world in two halves, giving Spain control of the New World.

6. Other European nations refused to accept Spain and Portugal’s division of the Americas between themselves.
 England and France prepared to make their own explorations.

7. Columbus’s first voyage.
The Race Is On...
Spain financed more than 80 voyages to the New World during the 12 years after
Columbus’s first voyage.

8. How much land could an explorer claim and for how long?
Any first discovery claims had to be followed by actual occupation
 It was not enough to plant a flag on the beach.
 To enforce a claim, settlers and soldiers from the explorer’s country must follow and colonize (occupy and control) the land.
 Did not require permission from Native Americans.
 Felt a moral duty to convert the natives to Christianity.

9. Spain Comes to the Southeast
God
Gold
Glory
Convert the Natives
Spain Comes to the Southeast
Expand Its
Empire
Discover New Riches

10. More Than Gold Changed Hands...
Wheat
Oranges
Sugar cane
Horses
Cows
Pigs
Chickens
Take to the New World
Corn
Potatoes
Tomatoes
Pineapple
Tobacco
Bring Back to Spain
Instructional Approach: This slide addresses the economic standard for the unit. Questions you can ask: How did the Spanish establish trade with the Native Americans?

11. Mission: Search for Gold & Conquer Hostile Indians Hernando de Soto

12. In return, he would be given a title, land, and a portion of the colony’s profits.

13. In 1540, Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto, with hundreds of men, marched north from Tampa, Florida into southwest Georgia (near today’s Albany).

14. The Mississippians meet the Spaniards
On this journey, the Spanish encountered the Indian chiefdoms of the Mississippian period.
Instructional Approach: Discuss the different elements of the pictures. Be sure to point out the Spaniards in the bottom left and the cross going up in the top right. How are these images indicative of how the Native American culture was forced to change with the arrival of the Europeans? You can also mention that Spanish missions were established on the barrier islands.

15. Journey of Death & Disappointment
Food was a continual problem.
Often seized stored food supplies
from Indians.
Meat was in
such short
supply that the
expedition
reportedly even
ate the dogs
of some Indian
villages.

16. Spanish Missions
Mission – Definition: A religious church or station established in a foreign land to allow missionaries to spread their religion.
In 1566, Spain established missions on Georgia’s Cumberland Island and St. Catherine’s Island, called Santa Catalina. During the same century, posts were established at Sapelo and St. Simon’s Island.
The missions were used by the Spanish to convert the Native Americans to Catholicism but also served as a trading post; Native Americans used the missions to integrate themselves into the European world.

17. De Soto’s weapons, plated armor, and horses overwhelmed the Native Americans; thousands of American Indians in Georgia died, many from disease brought by the Spaniards.

18. During the two centuries following the discovery of the New World,
Diseases
The Native Americans were exposed for the first time to European diseases against which they had little resistance.
Measles
Chicken pox
Small pox
During the two centuries following the discovery of the New World,
90% of the Native Population vanished.

19. Native Americans Spanish
Weapons of Stone & Wood
Spanish
Guns
Steel Swords
Metal Armor
Horses
Instructional Approach: Have the students look at this slide. Discuss with the students how the Native Americans outnumbered the Spaniards. What technology did the Spaniards have that made them more dominant than the Native Americans? What other things contributed to the defeat the Native Americans?

20. The Spaniards marched across Georgia into South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought.

21. Explorer
Date
Country Represented
Hernando de Soto
1540
Spain
Territory Discovered/Explored
Results of Exploration
Explored Georgia and Southeastern North America
Failed to Find Riches, Brought Death and Destruction to Indians

22. Three Countries Vie for Land
Instructional Approach: As you have the students on this slide, have them talk about the characteristics that the countries have that are similar and that are different. How would those things impact the land grab? Also recap what was taught about Spain.

23. England
In 1497, John Cabot sailed from England to the northeastern coast of North America.

24. England’s reasons to settle in the New world
Mercantilism – the belief that countries should export more than they import.
Countries wanted to take over as many of the world’s natural resources as possible

25. French Claims in the Southeast
France was the 3rd European power to enter the race for North America.
Giovanni de Verrazano believed that he could sail westward from
Europe to Asia.
First, landed on
the Carolina coast.

26. Jean Ribault
Jean Ribault and a band of 150 Hugenots (French Protestants) landed on Florida’s coast and sailed northward looking for a place to settle.
Just north of present-day Savannah, Ribault discovered a protected inlet, which he named Port Royal.
Spain was outraged and quickly drove the French out and captured Fort Caroline and then executed the French Huguenots.

27. So what did FRANCE do? (Reason for exploration) Established the Louisiana Territory and a lucrative fur trade

28. Wrapping it Up
Write a paragraph together of what the main purposes of each country was and where each country predominately settled.