1. Ancient Greece, 1900 – 133 B.C. Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period
Objective: Identify the roots of Greek civilization and recognize its achievements from the Minoan era through the Hellenistic period.
Sparta
camp-killing-machines

3. The Trojan War

4. Classical Greece The Persian Wars- Greece and Persia
Marathon – 490 B.C. disastrous defeat for Persians
Thermopylae – 480 B.C. valiant stand by Leonidas & 300 Spartans

5. The Peloponnesian War – 431-404 B.C. (Athens and Sparta)
Pericles – used Delian League treasury to build Parthenon
Sparta won – 404 B.C., disastrous results for all Greek city-states
peloponnesian-war
Drama & Theater – earliest plays were tragedies

6. Classical Greece continued….
Sculptors – excelled at portraying the human form

7. Greek Philosophers – thinkers; philosophy – “the seeking of wisdom”
Sophists – “knowers”, traveling professional teachers, truth is relative
Socrates – absolute rather than relative truth, Socratic Method
Plato – student of Socrates, The Republic (about government)
Aristotle – student of Plato, tutored Alexander of Macedonia

8. Socrates

9. Plato

10. Plato’s School

11. Aristotle

12. Classical Greece continued….
Historians
Herodotus – “father of history,” Persian Wars, 1st to separate fact from legend
Thucydides – rejected idea of gods having a role in history

14. First Scientists – discoveries by observation and thought
Pythagoras – Pythagorean theorem, a² + b² = c²
Hippocrates – “father of medicine”

15. Hellenistic Culture = Hellenic (Greek) + Persian
Alexander the Great
Superb military leader; sought to imitate Achilles
Hellenistic kingdoms – four domains after Alexander’s death
Philosophers – personal behavior
Epicurus – Epicureanism, pleasure was freedom from turmoil & worry
Zeno – Stoicism, accept difficulties of life & do duty

17. .

18. Epicurus “Pleasure is our first and kindred good
Epicurus “Pleasure is our first and kindred good. It is the starting-point of every choice …”

19. Hellenistic Culture continued…
Science
Aristarchus – earth revolves around sun
Eratosthenes – earth’s circumference within 1 %
Euclid of Alexandria – The Elements of Geometry
Archimedes – pi, pulley, principle of buoyancy, lever; “Eureka!”