1. 1.3 Measurement
Chapter 1, Section 3
Page 16

2. Section 3: Measurement
Why do scientists use a standard measurement system?
What are the SI units of measurement for length, mass, volume, density, time, and temperature?

3. A Standard Measurement System
The SI (or Systeme International d’Unites) is the international standard system of measurement.
Why is it important to have a single standard system for measurement?
The SI allows scientists to compare data and communicate with each other about their results.

4. A Standard Measurement System
SI units are based on multiples of 10.

5. A Standard Measurement System
SI units are based on multiples of 10.
kilo-
1,000 k
hecto-
100 h
deka- 10 da
Base 1
deci-
0.1 d
centi-
.01 c
milli-
.001 m
King Henry died by drinking chocolate milk.

6. A Standard Measurement System
SI units are based on multiples of 10.
kilo- km
King
hecto- hm
Henry
deka-
dam
Died
Base m
meter By
deci- dm
Drinking
centi- cm
Chocolate
milli- mm
Milk

7. A Standard Measurement System
SI units are based on multiples of 10.
kilo- kg
King
hecto- hg
Henry
deka-
dag
Died
Base g
gram By
deci- dg
Drinking
centi- cg
Chocolate
milli- mg
Milk

8. A Standard Measurement System
SI units are based on multiples of 10.
kilo- kL
King
hecto- hL
Henry
deka-
daL
Died
Base L
liter By
deci- dL
Drinking
centi- cL
Chocolate
milli- mL
Milk

9. Length The basic unit of length in SI is the meter (m).
It was defined as one-ten millionth of the distance from the equator to the north pole.

10. Weight vs. Mass
Mass has to do with the amount of matter an object contains. An object’s mass is the same regardless of where it is.
Weight has to do with the measure of the pull of gravity on the object. This pull of gravity differs with location. So, an object‘s weight differs with its location.

11. Weight vs. Mass
Joe, who weighs 140 pounds on Earth, would weigh 23 pounds on the Moon. His body mass would stay the same. But his weight changes due to a lesser pull of gravity on the Moon.

12. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg).

13. The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3).
Common units of volume are the liter (L), the milliliter (mL) cubic centimeter (cm3 or cc).

14. When determining the volume of a fluid using a graduated cylinder …

15. Density
Density refers to the amount of matter that is contained in a certain amount of volume or space. It is better known as mass per unit volume.
It is determined by first finding the mass and the volume of an object.
Then, density is the mass of an object divided by its volume. Or:
Density = __Mass__
Volume

16. Calculating Density
Suppose that a metal object has a mass of 57 g and a volume of 21 cm3. Calculate its density.
Read and Understand
What information are you given?
Mass of metal object = 57 g
Volume of metal object = 21 cm3

17. Calculating Density
Suppose that a metal object has a mass of 57 g and a volume of 21 cm3. Calculate its density.
Plan and Solve
What quantity are you trying to calculate?
The density of the metal object = __
What formula contains the given quantities and the unknown quantity?
Density = Mass/Volume
Perform the calculation.
Density = Mass/Volume = 57 g/21 cm3 = 2.7 g/cm3

18. Calculating Density
Suppose that a metal object has a mass of 57 g and a volume of 21 cm3. Calculate its density.
Look Back and Check
Does your answer make sense?
The answer tells you that the metal object has a density of 2.7 g/cm3. The answer makes sense because it is the same as the density of a known metal–aluminum.

19. Calculating Density Practice Problem
What is the density of a wood block with a mass of 57 g and a volume of 125 cm3?
0.46 g/cm3

20. Calculating Density Practice Problem
What is the density of a liquid with a mass of 45 g and a volume of 48 mL?
0.94 g/mL

21. Density
Because density is actually made up of two other measurements–mass and volume–an object’s density is expressed as a combination of two units. The density of a substance stays the same no matter how large or small a sample of the substance is.

22. The second (s) is the SI unit of time.

23. Temperature
Celsius (Co)
Scientists use the Celsius and Kelvin scales to measure temperature. The kelvin (K) is the SI unit of temperature.
Celsius (Co)

24. Click the PHSchool.com button for an activity about measurement.
More on Measurement
Click the PHSchool.com button for an activity about measurement.

25. End of Section: Measurement