1. Warm Up –page 41
Skim pages and answer these questions: Write question and answer
1. What is an absolute monarch?
2. What country was Louis XIV the absolute monarch of?
3. What country was Frederick the Great the absolute monarch of?
4. What country was Peter the Great the absolute monarch of? How did he help this country?
5. What palace did Louis live in ?

2. 1. Raina Emma Farah
2. Paige Ellie Janell
3. Sarah Emily Danielle
4. Say Say Dom Brandon
5. Andre Josh
6. Ross Kenny
7. Massimo Idress Eddy

3. 1. Sid Salam Kyle
2. Savannah Rachel
3.Diana Lukas Nick
4.Owen Faizan Noah
5. Leah Caitlyn
6. Masood Jonathan Ahmad
7. Tai Sammy Alex

4. 7 qualities that make up a “good” leader
7 qualities that make up a “bad” leader
If you could be the leader of any country in the world, where would it be? WHY? No USA!!

5. The Age of Absolutism
16th, 17th and 18th centuries

6. The Theory of Absolutism
European monarchs tried to claim the authority to rule without limits
Goal- to control all aspects of society
Divine Right- the idea that God created the monarchy and the monarchy acted as God’s representative on Earth
Answered only to God,not to the people

7. What else was happening in Europe Do not have to write
A rise of cites
A rise in Middle Class merchants…… which usually backed monarchies
Monarchs use their wealthy colonies to pay for their ambitions- Mercantilism
Church authority broke down, the Reformation and 30 years war occurred
Religious and territorial disputes between states led to almost constant warfare
Some people wanted a strong leader to guide them through all the problems and changes taking place

8. France
And
Louis XIV

11. Louis XIV
“I am the State”
Call me the “Sun King” because all that is good radiates from me
How he gained Absolute Power
1. Weaken the power of nobles
2. Increased power of government workers

12. Wanted France to make all its own goods
3. Jean Baptiste Colbert, Minster of finance, tried to make France Self-sufficient using Mercantilism
Wanted France to make all its own goods
Placed high tariffs on goods from other countries
Encouraged people to move to France's colonies to help export more raw materials to France
Fur trade from the Americas added money for France

13. Negative- After Baptiste died Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes
Negative- After Baptiste died Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes. Many skilled protestant artisans and businessmen fled to other countries , thus robbing France of many skilled workers

14. Louis Grand Style Each meal was a feast with over 500 cooks
1. Louis surrounded himself with the finest of items
Do not write
Each meal was a feast with over 500 cooks
Louis was awaken everyday at 7:30 and outside stood 100 nobles all waiting to help him dress, however, only 4 were given the honor of getting him his slippers

15. The Palace of Versailles
2. He built a huge palace, The Palace of Versailles, 11 miles outside of Paris
15,000 acres of gardens
1,400 fountains
36,000 laborers
6,000 horses
2,000 rooms
2 billion dollars

18. Louis's Downfall
Under Louis, France was the most powerful country in Europe with nearly 20 million people
IN a series of wars France tried to increase its boundaries. He won a couple territories. However, a European alliance, was formed against France and Louis was stopped.

19. Louis's Downfall
France was also weekend by a series of bad harvests, and high taxes imposed to support the cost of war
France was forced to give Britain its North American territories

20. How did Louis make sure he kept his power? Where did Louis live?
Questions
How did Louis make sure he kept his power?
Where did Louis live?
How did Louis XIV bring disaster to France?

21. Prussia and Frederick the Great

24. Prussia Prussia was a new state to the north of Austria
It will later form part of Germany
Prussia rose to power in late 1600s
Like the Hapsburgs of Austria, Prussia’s ruling family the Hohenzollerns had big dreams

25. Background- Do not write
Before Fredrick the Great, Frederick William, after seeing the destruction the 30 Year War left built a strong Army
They army was the strongest in Europe and had over 80,000 men.

26. Background- Do not write
To pay for the army Frederick William introduced mandatory taxation
So that the King had more power he also weakened the power of the representative assemblies of their territories

27. More Background – Do not write
Frederick William created a strong military society, but feared his son would not be strong enough to rule so he raised his son very tough.

28. Frederick the Great
Frederick The Great followed in his father’s footsteps and created a strong military society

29. 2. What was Prussia’s society based on?
Questions
1. Who was the greatest monarch for Prussia?
2. What was Prussia’s society based on?

30. Russia
And
Peter the Great

33. Background – Do not write
Ivan IV, called Ivan the Terrible was Russia’s first Czar
Good- gained territory, and developed a code of laws
He was constantly fighting with the boyars, or landowning

34. Do not write
BAD- His wife was murdered and to avenge her death he hunted down anyone he thought was a traitor and killed them, usually the boyars
“Secret Police” killed thousands
After Ivan, Russia fell into a period of turmoil
Russia needed a strong leader

35. Peter the Great
Peter took the throne in Russia was still a land of serfs and boyars- very underdeveloped

36. Russia was cut off from Western Europe and their new advancements
Mongols kept them isolated during the Renaissance and Age of Exploration
Geographic barriers isolated Russia-ICE
Religious differences separated them- Russia was Eastern Orthodox

37. Peter the Great New inventions and tools Ships and exploration
Peter visits Western Europe and finds
New inventions and tools
Ships and exploration
Peter believed Russia needed a warm water port to help modernize the country

38. Peter the Great
Peter’s main goal- westernize Russia
Peter believed he needed absolute control to help westernize the country

39. How he Westernized Russia
Brought the Eastern Orthodox church under his control
took power away from landowners
Modernized the army with western weapons and tactics

40. New army meant taxes for all
Introduced potatoes
Started a newspaper
Increased women’s rights
Ordered nobles to wear western fashions

41. Peter the Great –
Peter created a new capital
Peter went to war with Sweden to gain control of the Baltic Coast, after 21 years he won.
He built Saint Petersburg on the formally owned Swedish land.
25,000 to 100,000 people died while making the new capital

43. Why was Russia Isolated? How did Peter help westernize Russia?
Questions
1. Who was Russia’s greatest monarch?
Why was Russia Isolated?
How did Peter help westernize Russia?

44. Warm Up
Page create a caricature for each of the absolute monarchs
Louis XIV-51
Frederick the Great-52
Peter the Great -53

45. Neat- straight lines, neat writing….
Title for each drawling
A background with important pieces labeled-
Incorporate major parts from the notes- atleast 5
THIS WILL BE GRADED

49. of Democracy in England
The Rise
of Democracy in England

50. http://www. schooltube

51. Need 14 Flashcards- How did these people and events contribute to or hurt the rise of democracy in England
1. Oliver Cromwell
9. Constitutional Monarchy
2. Charles I
10. Magna Carta
3. Charles II
11. Common Law
4. The Restoration
12. English Civil War
5. Whigs and Tories
13. Bill of Rights
6. William and Mary
14. Cabinet
7. The Glorious Revolution
8. Parliament

52. Background Henry II- 1154-1189 King John- 1215- very unpopular
Jury Trial
“Common Law”- a single legal system for everyone (rich and poor).
King John very unpopular
Magna Carta – guarantees people certain political rights
Put limits on the monarchy
Due Process- king could not unfairly punish the people
No taxation without consent of the parliament

53. Background Queen Elizabeth
During Queen Elizabeth’s reign she had frequent conflicts with parliament
Parliament- law making body, also handed out the money
Rulers saw the parliament’s financial power as an obstacle to becoming an absolute monarchs

54. Review Questions What is parliament?
Why didn’t absolute monarchs like parliament?
What is common law?
What is the Magna Carta?
What is Due Process?

55. King James
King James 1
James I believed he had absolute authority to rule and did not need the consent of the parliament
Parliament was reluctant to pay for James’ expensive court and foreign wars
Died in his son Charles I took the throne

56. Charles I
King Charles 1
Charles I always needed money to fight wars in both Spain and France
Several times when Parliament refused to give him money he got rid of parliament
In 1628, Charles was forced to sign the Petition of Rights
He would not imprison subjects without cause
He would not levy taxes without the consent of the Parliament
He would not house soldiers in private homes
After agreeing to The Petition of Rights, Charles ignored it. B/C it aimed to take way some of his divine absolute powers

57. Review Questions
Were King James and Charles I absolute monarchs? Why or why not?
Why was the Petition of Rights signed?

58. Charles I Continued
In 1629 Charles I did away with the Parliament permanently and in order to raise money he taxed his people heavily
His popularity decreased and a Civil War occurred

59. English Civil War
From 1642 to 1649 –supporters and opponents of King Charles I fought
Supporters of King Charles = Royalists or Cavaliers
Opponents- were called Puritans and were loyal to the Parliament

60. English Civil War
In 1644 the war was at a stand still until a Puritan was named the new general , Oliver Cromwell
1646- Cromwell captures Charles I and tried him with treason and executed him

61. Cromwell Rules
At First- Cromwell abolishes the monarch and establishes a republican form of government.
Then………….. He becomes power hungry and creates a military dictatorship

62. Review Questions
Why was the Civil War fought?
What was the name for people who supported King Charles?
What was the name for people who opposed King Charles?

63. The Restoration
In 1658 Cromwell died and his government collapsed, parliament was restored and Charles II was asked to rule
Charles II reign is known as “The Restoration” because he restored the monarchy

64. The Restoration
He passed the Habeas Corpus- criminals were now brought before a judge and then it was decided if they were going to be tried—not by a monarch
Charles II had no son, so a dispute evolved over who should rule next

65. First time political parties
Supported Charles Catholic brother James- Called Tories
Opposed James- Whigs
First time political parties

66. Review Questions
Who killed Charles I?
What did Charles II restore?
Why was the Habeas Corpus passed?
What were the first political parities?

67. Glorious Revolution James II became King and flaunted his Catholicism.
1st- Put Catholics in office
2nd- Dissolved Parliament when they spoke out
3rd- had a son, people feared it would created a catholic dynasty

68. Glorious Revolution
James had an older daughter named Mary, who was a protestant. Mary was married to William and they were asked by Parliament to overthrow James II.
The bloodless, overthrowing of James is referred to as the Glorious Revolution

69. Political Changes- Constitutional Monarchy
1st- William and Mary recognized Parliaments power, creating a constitutional monarchy, where laws limit the power of the monarchy.

70. Political Changes- Bill of Rights
2nd- Bill of Rights- placed limits on royal power
1.No suspending of Parliament’s laws
2. No levying taxes without permission from Parliament
3. Free Speech

71. Political Changes- Cabinet System
3rd- Cabinet system developed
To avoid a standstill between parliament and the monarch they created a 3rd branch
Cabinet- policy making and is headed by the Prime Minister

72. Review Questions
Why was the Glorious Revolution considered “glorious”?
Who came to power during the Glorious Revolution?
Why was the Bill of Rights important?
What was the Cabinet and why was it important?

73. Word Bank 1. Hobbes 10. Copernicus 11. Newton 2. Locke 3. Montesquieu
12. Voltaire
13. Montesquieu
4. Rousseau
14. Montesquieu
5. Locke
15. Harvey
6. Montesquieu
16. Kepler
7. Locke
17. Frederick the Great
8. Louis XIV
9. Peter the Great