1. Ketones and Aldehydes

2. Aldehyde? What?
Aldehyde: An organic molecule with an oxygen double bonded to one of the two outer carbons on the chain.

3. Aldehyde Nomenclature
Ignore the oxygen and name
Remove the 'e' from the end of the name
Add 'al' to the end
That is now the name of the aldehyde →
→ Pentane
Pentane → Pentan
Pentan → Pentanal
Pentanal =

4. Aldehyde Common Nomenclature
Get the name of the carboxilic acid closest to representing the molecule
Remove 'ic Acid'
Add 'aldehyde'
That is now the name of your original molecule →
→ Formic Acid
Formic Acid → Form
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde =

5. Ketone? What?
Ketone: An organic molecule with an oxygen double bonded to an inner carbon on the chain

6. Ketone Nomenclature → →Pentane Ignore the oxygen and name
Remove the 'e' at the end
Add 'one' to the end
Number the carbons and place the oxygen
That is now the name of the original molecule →
→Pentane
Pentane → Pentan
Pentan → Pentanone
Pentanone→3-Pentanone
3-Pentanone =

7. Ketone Common Nomenclature
Split the molecule into two sections, the carbons before and after the ketone
Name the sections
Turn the sections into groups and put it together with 'ketone' at the end →
→ Methane
→ Ethane
Methyl Ethyl Ketone

8. It's a simple question of weight ratios!
Priorities
Carboxilic Acid
Esters
Aldehyde
Ketone
Alcohols
Amines
Ethers
Everything Else

9. The Uses of Aldehyde and Ketones (and the uselessness of titles)
Aldehydes – used in the manufacturing of resins, dyes, and organic acids
Ketones – used in perfumes and paints as a stabilizer
Formaldehyde – Used in tanning, preserving, and embalming and as a germicide, fungicide, and insecticide for plants and vegetables
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) – solvent, poison, used in rubber based cement and ink

10. 3,4-dimethyl 3-phenyl 2-pentanone
Stop. Who would cross the Bridge of Death must answer me these questions three, ere the other side he see.
3,4-dimethyl 3-phenyl 2-pentanone
2,4,6 tripentyl heptanal

11. Then shalt thou count to three, no more, no less
Then shalt thou count to three, no more, no less. Three shall be the number thou shalt count, and the number of the counting shall be three. Four shalt thou not count, neither count thou two, excepting that thou then proceed to three. Five is right out. One... Two... Five!!! Three Sir! THREE!!

12. LAB TIME!!!