1. Coach Martin
The Civil War Begins

2. Big Idea
The secession of Southern states cause the North and the South to take up arms

3. Confederates Fire on Fort Sumter
The Confederacy takes Control
Confederate soldiers take over government and military installations
Fort Sumter
Union Outpost in Charleston harbor
Confederates demand surrender of Fort Sumter
Lincoln’s Dilemma
Reinforcing fort by force would lead rest of slave states to secede
Evacuating fort would legitimize Confederacy and endanger Union

5. Confederates Fire on Fort Sumter
First Shots
Lincoln doesn’t reinforce but only sends food
Jefferson Davis chooses to turn peaceful secession into war
Fires on Sumter April 12, 1861
Virginia Secedes
The fall of Fort Sumter unites North
Volunteers rush to enlist
Virginia unwilling to fight South
Secedes from Union
Three more states secede and border states remain in Union

6. Americans expect a short war
Confederate Advantages
Union Advantages
Cotton profits
Better Generals and Leaders
Motivation
More Soldiers
Factories
Railroads

7. Americans Expect a Short War
The Union’s Plan
Anaconda Plan
Blockade the South
Divide Confederacy in two in west
Capture Richmond the Confederate capital
Confederate Strategy
Not lose and play defense
Attack a major city in the North

8. Americans Expect a Short War
Bull Run
First battle near Washington
Results in a Confederate Victory
Thomas Jackson earns nickname Stonewall Jackson for a firm stand in the battle

10. Union Armies in the West
Protecting Washington D.C.
After Bull Run Lincoln calls for 1 million soldiers
Appoints General George McClellan to lead Army of the Potomac
Forts Henry and Donelson
General Ulysses S. Grant
Brave Tough
Commander in West
February 1862 Grant captures Confederate Forts Henry and Donelson

13. Union Armies in the West
Shiloh
March 1862 Confederate troops surprise Union soldiers at Shiloh
Grant Counterattacks
Forces Confederates to retreat
Shiloh teaches preparation is needed
Confederacy is vulnerable in the west

15. A Revolution in Warfare
Ironclads
New ironclad ships instrumental in victories of Grant
Ironclads splinter wooden ships and withstand cannon
March of 1862 the North’s Monitor vs. South’s Merrimack
Ends in a draw
New Weapons
1) Rifles- more accurate, load faster, and fire more rounds
2) Minie ball- more destructive bullet
3) Grenades
4) Land Mines

17. The War for the Capitals
“On to Richmond”
McClellan waits to attack Richmond
Drills troops for 5 months
Spring of 1862 Robert E. Lee takes command of Southern Army
Lee and McClellan fight Seven Days’ Battle
Union Leaves Richmond area

18. The War for the Capitals
Antietam
Lee wins Second Battle of Bull Run
Lee marches into Maryland
Lee and McClellan clash at Antietam
Bloodiest single day battle
Battle a standoff and Confederates retreat
McClellan does not pursue the Confederates
Lincoln fires McClellan