1. China

2. The Cold War was a conflict of rival ideologies between the USA & USSR that lasted from 1945 to 1991
Early in the Cold War from 1945 to 1949, the focus of the conflict was on Europe
The United States used the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, & NATO to successfully contain communism in Europe

3. Beginning in 1949, however, containment seemed to fail as communism spreads to China, Korea, & Vietnam in Asia

4. From 1930 to 1949, Nationalists (leader: Chiang Kai Shek) & Communists (leader: Mao Zedong) fought in a bloody civil war for control of China

5. Chiang’s gov’t fled China & set up in Taiwan
In 1949, the Communists won the Civil War & Mao created the Peoples’ Republic of China
Chiang’s gov’t fled China & set up in Taiwan
The USA was shocked when China fell to communism & only recognized the Nationalists as the gov’t of China

6. Based upon this propaganda poster, what changes will Mao propose for China?

7. Mao was determined to reshape China’s economy based on Marxist socialism
He seized land from the rich & divided the land among the poor peasants
Mao followed Stalin’s example by creating collective farms & a Five Year Plan to improve China’s industry

8. Based upon this propaganda poster, what two things will Mao’s “Great Leap Forward” focus on?

9. “Backyard furnaces” to make iron
In 1958, Mao began a massive program to create agriculture & industry called the “Great Leap Forward”
Millions of Chinese citizens were sent to work on large collective farms to grow food
Other citizens were required to work on massive industrial projects like making iron & steel or building dams & railroads
“Backyard furnaces” to make iron

10. “Struggle hard for 3 years. Change the face of China
“Struggle hard for 3 years. Change the face of China. Catch up with Britain & America.” --Mao, 1958

11. Mao’s Great Leap Forward started well…

12. …but, the it required forced labor & led to lots of suffering by millions of Chinese citizens

13. The Great Leap Forward was a failure & led severe food shortages, famine, & poor quality industry

14. Mao ended the Great Leap Forward after three years
Chinese peasants

15. Based upon this image, what was purpose of Mao’s “Cultural Revolution

16. After the failure of the Great Leap Forward, Mao began the Cultural Revolution (1966 -1976)
The goal of the Cultural Revolution was to emphasize Mao’s strict socialist ideas & attack traditional Chinese ideas
Mao distributed to all Chinese citizens the “Little Red Book,” a book of his quotes that reinforced what was acceptable for Chinese communists

17. After the failure of the Great Leap Forward, Mao began the Cultural Revolution (1966 -1976)
Mao targeted young people & many joined the Red Guards, a group to protected the culture of the revolution
Red Guards closed schools & universities; burned books; & humiliated, beat, killed people who opposed Mao’s ideas

18. Parades united citizens
Attacked teachers, politicians, & critics
The Cultural Revolution unified the Chinese people but also led to the deaths or imprisonment of thousands of citizens
Executing teachers, politicians, critics

19. Korean War
North Korea
South Korea

20. A. After Japanese forces surrendered during WWII the United States and the Soviet Union shared control of Korea. They divided Korea at the 38th parallel, with the Soviet Union taking control in the north and the United States in the south.

21. Korean War (1950-1953) Kim Il-Sung
Korea was divided into North and South Korea. North Korea was communist and South Korea was a democracy..
Syngman Rhee

22. B. The Korean War began in June 1950. when the Communist government of
B. The Korean War began in June when the Communist government of North Korea (using Soviet supplied weapons) crossed the 38th parallel line and tried to take over South Korea.

23. too close to China’s border, the Chinese Army entered
C. The Communist quickly captured Seoul, the South Korean capital. In September 1950, the United States (Gen. Douglas McArthur) sent troops to Korea to contain communism.
But, when the U.S. pushed
too close to China’s border,
the Chinese Army entered
the war and helped
North Korea.
Sept – Nov 1950

24. D. China sent several hundred thousand
D. China sent several hundred thousand Chinese soldiers to join those of North Korea. This combined force drove the U.S. troops back south of the 38th parallel.
Nov 1950 –
Feb 1951

25. E. In response, General Douglas MacArthur. wanted to bomb China
E. In response, General Douglas MacArthur wanted to bomb China. President Truman disagreed fearing it might lead to a third world war.
Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected president in 1952 promising to end the Korean War.

26. F. The two sides finally signed a ceasefire. agreement in July 1953
F. The two sides finally signed a ceasefire agreement in July The dividing line was almost exactly where it had been before the war.

27. G. No peace treaty was signed so these countries are technically still at war. - 28,000 Americans are stationed in South Korea. Demilitarized Zone - a 2.5 mile area between N/S Korea where no troops or weapons are allowed. It acts as a buffer zone.

28. Over 1Million people died in the Korean war 36,500 American casualties
It is estimated that 10 million people died in the war –
as many as died in the First World War.
Americans 136,935 casualties
33,651 KIA
This is the National Korean War Memorial in Washington, D.C.
There are 19 statues approximately 7’3" tall, heroic scale and
consist of 14 Army, 3 Marines, 1 Navy, 1 Air Force.
They represent an ethnic cross section of America with
12 Caucasian, 3 African American, 2 Hispanic, 1 Oriental,
1 Indian (Native American).
The juniper bushes are meant to be symbolic of the rough terrain
encountered in Korea, and the granite stripes of the obstacles overcome in war.