1. Revolutions 1350 – 1850

2. What is a “revolution”?
A radical or drastic change, specifically focusing on society, technology or individuals.
Revolutions take the shape of many forms, such as events, thoughts, beliefs, processes, images, ideas and transformations…
Revolutions, or changes, happen frequently to adapt with the new times or just out of necessity.

4. Format for your “Revolution” notes…
Name of “revolution”
When?
Where?
Why?
Lasting impact?
Interesting aspects?

5. Revolutions 1350 – 1900 Renaissance (1350 – 1600)
Commercial Revolution (1400 – 1550)
English Civil War (1640 – 1660)
Enlightenment (1700’s)
American Revolution (1763 – 1783)
French Revolution (1789)
Napoleon Bonaparte (1799 – 1815)
Industrial Revolution (1800’s)
Latin American Revolutions (1800’s)
Imperialism (1870 – 1900)

7. When?
1350 – 1600
Where?
Europe (origins in Italy)
Why?
Encouraged new ideas and a better lifestyle

8. Lasting impact?
Basis for modern world
art, literature, science,
religion and exploration
Interesting aspects? Printing press, new discoveries and influences in Americas (P/S/F/E/N)

9. Arts and Architecture

10. Who were the greatest talents of the Renaissance?

12. Famous artists of the Renaissance…
Sculptor
Artist
Inventor
Engineer
Military designer
Scientist
Surgeon
Dreamer!
Doer!
Carpe diem!
…the true Renaissance man!
LEONARDO
Leonardo da Vinci

16. DONATELLO
Donato di Niccolò
di Betto Bardi
Sculptor of “life-size” subjects
Influences based on Greek and Roman classical images and designs

18. RAPHEAL
Rapheal Sanzio
Painter
Combined Christian
and Classical images

21. Michelangelo Buonarroti
1475 – 1564
Sculptor
Painter

25. ”Iron rusts from disuse;
stagnant water loses its purity
and in cold weather becomes frozen;    even so does inaction sap
the vigor of the mind.”    
                                                                                                             Leonardo
”I saw the angel in the marble
and carved until I set him free.”    
                                                                                                                   Michelangelo

26. Literature

27. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
Greatest literary figure
Dramas, comedies, tragedies
Entertainment and
enlightenment of society

28. Reformation

29. MARTIN LUTHER
Creation of Protestant Churches
Challenged status quo of church traditions and behavior
Simple messages of the Bible

30. Scientific Discovery

31. SIR ISAAC NEWTON
Scientific discovery and knowledge using the scientific method
Inquiry into the unknown and known to further understanding of the world at large

32. Discovery

33. CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
Explorations and discoveries sparked and created an international (global) mentality
His curiosity led to exploration, discovery, colonization assimilation and destruction

35. Commercial Revolution

36. When?
1400 – 1500
Where?
Europe (Origins in the
Netherlands)
Why?
Nations needed money; Dutch and Jews become money-lenders

37. Lasting impact?
Modern-day banking; money lending procedures
Interesting aspects?
Dutch/Jewish stereotype; greed; prejudice

38. “…money makes the world go ‘round!”

39. English Civil War

40. When?
1640 – 1660
Where?
England
Why?
Monarchy neglects the common people; revolt

41. Lasting impact?
Hatred for the monarchy; development of democracy
Interesting aspects?
Oliver Cromwell; “People’s Army and Government”

42. Enlightenment

43. When?
1700’s
Where?
Europe (origins in Paris, France)
Why?
Use “reason” to understand the truth; optimism always creates progress in society

44. Lasting impact?
Montesquieu – 3 branches of government; checks and balances
Voltaire – freedom of speech
Rousseau – majority rule;
“natural man”
Interesting aspects?
Philosophies; “salons”; encyclopedia

45. American Revolution

46. When?
1763 – 1783
Where?
British Colonial America (13 Colonies)
Why?
To gain fair representation in society; eventual independence, “stubborn parent, rebellious teenager”

47. Lasting impact?
USA; new democratic nation
Interesting aspects?
1st successful revolution in all of world history to form a new nation

48. French Revolution

49. When?
1789
Where?
Paris, France
Why?
Enlightenment encourages political and social upheavels; exploitation of 3rd Estate; inevitable violence

50. Lasting impact?
Oppression of the poor leads to complete reforms in society
Interesting aspects?
1st Estate – church
2nd Estate – monarchy
3rd Estate - poor

51. Napoleon Bonaparte

52. When?
1799 – 1815
Where?
France
Why?
French domination of Europe

53. Lasting impact?
European nations unite against a common foe; “balance of power”; Congress of Vienna
Interesting aspects?
1st dictator and emperor of France; foundation for future dictatorship

55. Latin American Revolutions

56. When?
1800’s
Where?
Central and South America
Why?
Independence; freedom; new rights in society to make opportunity equal

57. Lasting impact?
New Latin American nations
Interesting aspects?
Latin American nations followed the lead of the American Revolution and Napoleon Bonaparte’s invasion of Spain in early 1800’s
Result: Spanish colonial control of America’s is lost

59. Revolutions 1350 – 1850