1. Chapter K1 Table of Contents Section 1 What Is Matter?
The Properties of Matter
Table of Contents
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Section 2 Physical Properties
Section 3 Chemical Properties

2. Objectives Chapter K1 Describe the two properties of all matter.
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Objectives
Describe the two properties of all matter.
Identify the units used to measure volume and mass.
Compare mass and weight.
Explain the relationship between mass and inertia.

3. Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter
What Is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter in the Universe Everything in the universe that you can see is made up of some type of matter.

4. Matter Chapter K1 Section 1 What Is Matter?
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
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Visual Concept

5. Matter and Volume Chapter K1 Liquid Volume
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume
Liquid Volume
Liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are the units used most often to express the volume of liquids.
Measuring the Volume of Liquids The next slide shows how to measure the volume of liquids.

6. Measuring the Volume of Liquids
Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Measuring the Volume of Liquids
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
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Visual Concept

7. Volume = length  width  height
Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume, continued
Volume of a Regularly Shaped Solid Object To find the volume of a regularly shaped solid object use the following equation:
Volume = length  width  height
Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid Object You can find the volume of an irregularly shaped object by measuring the volume of water that the object displaces.

8. Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?

9. Matter: Mass and Volume
Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter: Mass and Volume
Bellwork:
A block of wood 3 cm on each side has a mass of 27 g. What is the density of the block?
(Hint, don’t forget to find the volume of the wood.)
3 cm
3 cm 3 cm

10. Matter and Mass Chapter K1 The Difference Between Mass and Weight
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Mass
The Difference Between Mass and Weight
Weight is the measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object.
Mass is a measure of how much matter an object is made of.
The more mass an object has, the greater the gravitational force on the object and the greater the object’s weight.
Measuring Mass and Weight
The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg).
Weight is a measure of gravitational force and is expressed in the SI unit of force, the newton (N).

11. Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Inertia
What Is Inertia? Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
Mass: The Measure of Inertia An object that has a large mass is harder to move and harder to stop than an object that has less mass. The reason is that the object with the large mass has greater inertia.

12. Chapter K1
Section 1 What Is Matter?

13. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Objectives
Identify six examples of physical properties of matter.
Describe how density is used to identify substances.
List six examples of physical changes.
Explain what happens to matter during a physical change.

14. Physical Properties Chapter K1 What Are Physical Properties?
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Properties
What Are Physical Properties?
A physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.

15. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties

16. Physical Properties, continued
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Properties, continued
Identifying Matter
You use physical properties to identify matter.
Density is the amount of matter in a given space, or volume.

17. Physical Properties, continued
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Properties, continued
Liquid Layers
The graduated cylinder below contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different density so the liquids form layers.
Density of Solids
Knowing the density of a substance
can also tell you if an object will float
or sink.
If the density of an object is less than
the density of water, the object will float.
A solid object whose density is greater
than the density of water will sink when
placed in water.

18. Physical Properties, continued
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Properties, continued
Solving for Density
To find an objects density (D), first measure its mass (m) and volume (V). Then use the following equation:
D = m/V

19. Physical Properties, continued
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Properties, continued
Using Density to Identify Substances Each substance has a density that differs from the density of other substances.

20. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties

21. Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances
Examples of Physical Changes Some examples of physical changes are shown below.

22. Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances, continued
Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances, continued
Matter and Physical Changes
Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter involved.
Changing state- freezing/melting
Changing shape- sanding/crushing/cutting
Dissolving- sugar in water (sugar is still there)

23. Objectives Chapter K1 Describe two examples of chemical properties.
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Objectives
Describe two examples of chemical properties.
Explain what happens during a chemical change.
Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.

24. Chemical Properties Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Chemical Properties
Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties You can observe physical properties without changing the identity of the substance. Chemical properties are more difficult to observe.
Characteristic Properties
The properties that are most useful in identifying a substance are characteristic properties.

25. Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties

26. Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties
Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key.
Visual Concept

27. Chemical Changes and New Substances
Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Chemical Changes and New Substances
What Happens During a Chemical Change? During a chemical change a substance changes chemical properties.
Signs of Chemical Changes
Some common signs of chemical changes includes a change in
color,
odor,
production of heat,
fizzing (gas formation)

28. Chemical Changes and New Substances
Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Chemical Changes and New Substances
Signs of Chemical Changes
Some common signs of chemical changes includes a change in
color,
odor,
production of heat,
fizzing (gas formation)
Matter and Chemical Changes
Chemical changes change the identity of the matter involved.

29. Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties

30. Physical Versus Chemical Changes
Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Physical Versus Chemical Changes
A Change in Composition
Physical changes do not change the composition of a substance while chemical changes do.
Reversing Changes
Many physical changes are easily reversed, but most chemical changes cannot easily be reversed.

31. Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes
Chapter K1
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key.
Visual Concept

32. Chapter K1
The Properties of Matter
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
matter
mass
motion
volume
milliliters
cubic centimeters
weight
gravity

33. Chapter K1
The Properties of Matter

34. Chapter K1
The Properties of Matter

35. End of Chapter K1 Show

36. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
Reading
Read each of the passages. Then, answer the questions that follow each passage.

37. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
Passage 1 Astronomers were studying the motions of galaxies in space when they noticed something odd. They thought that the large gravitational force, which causes the galaxies to rotate rapidly, was due to a large amount of mass in the galaxies. Then, they discovered that the mass of the galaxies was not great
enough to explain this large gravitational force. So, what was causing the additional gravitational force? One theory is that the universe contains matter that we cannot see with our eyes or our telescopes. Astronomers call this invisible matter dark matter.

38. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. According to this passage, what did astronomers originally think caused the rotation of the galaxies?
A a lack of inertia
B a large gravitational force
C a small amount of mass in the galaxies
D a small gravitational force

39. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. According to this passage, what did astronomers originally think caused the rotation of the galaxies?
A a lack of inertia
B a large gravitational force
C a small amount of mass in the galaxies
D a small gravitational force

40. Chapter K1 2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter?
F Dark matter refers to dark objects.
G Dark matter refers to matter that we can’t see.
H You need a telescope to see dark matter.
I All large objects are dark.

41. Chapter K1 2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter?
F Dark matter refers to dark objects.
G Dark matter refers to matter that we can’t see.
H You need a telescope to see dark matter.
I All large objects are dark.

42. Chapter K1 3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage?
A The enormous amount of mass in the galaxies explains why the galaxies rotate.
B Dark matter may be responsible for the gravitational force that causes the rotation of galaxies.
C Invisible matter is called dark matter.
D Galaxies rotate as they move through the universe.

43. Chapter K1 3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage?
A The enormous amount of mass in the galaxies explains why the galaxies rotate.
B Dark matter may be responsible for the gravitational force that causes the rotation of galaxies.
C Invisible matter is called dark matter.
D Galaxies rotate as they move through the universe.

44. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
Passage 2 Blimps and dirigibles are types of airships. An airship consists of an engine, a large balloon that contains gas, and a gondola that carries passengers and crew. Airships float in air because the gases that the airships contain are less dense than air. In the early 1900s, airships were commonly used for travel, including transatlantic flights. Airships were less frequently used after the 1937 explosion and crash of the Hindenburg in New Jersey. The Hindenburg was filled with flammable hydrogen gas instead of helium gas, which is nonflammable.

45. Chapter K1 1. In this passage, what does flammable mean?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. In this passage, what does flammable mean?
A able to burn
B able to float
C able to sink
D not able to burn

46. Chapter K1 1. In this passage, what does flammable mean?
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. In this passage, what does flammable mean?
A able to burn
B able to float
C able to sink
D not able to burn

47. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
F Hydrogen gas is nonflammable.
G Airships float because they contain gases that are less dense than air.
H Helium gas was used in the Hindenburg.
I The gondola contains gas.

48. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
F Hydrogen gas is nonflammable.
G Airships float because they contain gases that are less dense than air.
H Helium gas was used in the Hindenburg.
I The gondola contains gas.

49. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. Which of the following statements about airships is true?
A Airships are still a major mode of transportation.
B Airships now contain nonflammable, hydrogen gas.
C Airships consist of an engine, a gondola, and a large balloon.
D Airships traveled only in the United States.

50. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. Which of the following statements about airships is true?
A Airships are still a major mode of transportation.
B Airships now contain nonflammable, hydrogen gas.
C Airships consist of an engine, a gondola, and a large balloon.
D Airships traveled only in the United States.

51. Interpreting Graphics
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
Interpreting Graphics
The table below shows the properties of different substances. Use the table below to answer the questions that follow.

52. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart?
A volume
B density
C mass
D state

53. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart?
A volume
B density
C mass
D state

54. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury?
F The pyrite would sink.
G The pyrite would dissolve.
H The mercury and the pyrite would react.
I The pyrite would float.

55. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury?
F The pyrite would sink.
G The pyrite would dissolve.
H The mercury and the pyrite would react.
I The pyrite would float.

56. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget?
A The volume of pyrite is greater than the volume of gold.
B The volume of pyrite is less than the volume of gold.
C The volumes of the substances are equal.
D There is not enough information to determine the answer.

57. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget?
A The volume of pyrite is greater than the volume of gold.
B The volume of pyrite is less than the volume of gold.
C The volumes of the substances are equal.
D There is not enough information to determine the answer.

58. Chapter K1 4. Which substance has the lowest density? F helium
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
4. Which substance has the lowest density?
F helium
G pyrite
H mercury
I gold

59. Chapter K1 4. Which substance has the lowest density? F helium
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
4. Which substance has the lowest density?
F helium
G pyrite
H mercury
I gold

60. Chapter K1 Math Read each question, and choose the best answer.
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
Math
Read each question, and choose the best answer.

61. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element?
A g/cm3
B 0.98 g/cm3
C 9.85 g/cm3
D g/cm3

62. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element?
A g/cm3
B 0.98 g/cm3
C 9.85 g/cm3
D g/cm3

63. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink?
F g
G g
H g
I g

64. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink?
F g
G g
H g
I g

65. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is g/cm3 , what is the volume of your gold nugget?
A cm3
B 7.76 cm3
C 0.98 cm3
D 0.13 cm3

66. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is g/cm3 , what is the volume of your gold nugget?
A cm3
B 7.76 cm3
C 0.98 cm3
D 0.13 cm3

67. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense?
F object A
G object B
H object C
I There is not enough information to determine the answer.

68. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter K1
4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense?
F object A
G object B
H object C
I There is not enough information to determine the answer.

69. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties

70. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties

71. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties

72. Chapter K1
Section 2 Physical Properties