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Light Search and Rescue Operations
CERT Basic Training Unit 5 2017-a Edition
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Thank You CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Consists of three separate operations Sizeup: Using 5-step, continual model Search: Locating victims and documenting Rescue: Extricating victims CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Deciding to Attempt Rescue Decision based on three factors The risks involved for the rescuer Greatest good for the greatest number Resources and manpower available CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Goals of Search and Rescue Rescue greatest number in shortest amount of time Get walking wounded out first Rescue lightly trapped victims next Keep the rescuer safe CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Effective Search and Rescue Depends on: Effective sizeup Rescuer safety Victim safety CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Unit Objectives Identify sizeup requirements Describe most common search techniques Use safe techniques for debris removal Use safe techniques for victim extrication Describe ways to protect rescuers CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Unit Topics Safety During Search and Rescue Operations Conducting Interior and Exterior Searches Conducting Rescue Operations CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 7
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
CERT Sizeup (Long Version) Gather Facts Assess Damage Consider Probabilities Assess Your Situation Establish Priorities Make Decisions Develop Plan of Action Take Action Evaluate Progress CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 8
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CERT Sizeup (simplified)
Facts (Gather facts) Anticipate (Consider facts, guess future) Plan (“Direction before velocity”) Act (Less talking, more doing) Review (Continuously re-evaluate) CERT Basic Training: Orem/Provo Extra Unit 2: Fire Safety and Utility Controls
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 1 Gather Facts What has happened and is currently happening? Time of event and day of the week Construction type/terrain Occupancy Weather Hazards CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Exercise: Gathering Facts
CERT Basic Training, Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Assess and Communicate Damage
Sizeup: Step 1, cont. Assess and Communicate Damage (Part of “Gathering facts”) The CERT mission changes if: Damage is light Damage is moderate Damage is heavy CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 12
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Light Damage Superficial Broken windows Superficial cracks or breaks in wall surface Minor damage to the interior contents Safe to enter and remain CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 13
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Moderate Damage Visible signs of damage Decorative work damaged or fallen Many visible cracks or breaks in wall Major damage to interior contents Building still on foundation Enter only to save lives CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 14
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Do not enter a building with heavy damage under any circumstances
Partial or total collapse Tilting Obvious structural instability Building off foundation Do not enter a building with heavy damage under any circumstances CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 15
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Step 1, Cont.: Rescue Resources Personnel Firefighters Police Nurse, M.D. Contractor Tools Crowbars Auto jacks Chainsaws Equipment CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 16
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Consider Probabilities
Sizeup: Step 2 Consider Probabilities (Anticipate) What is going to happen? How stable is the situation? What else could go wrong? (Murphy’s Law) What does it mean for the search and rescue? CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 2 cont. Anticipate Is the situation safe enough to continue? What risks will rescuers face? What resources are needed? What resources are available? CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 18
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 3 Establish Priorities (part of planning) What should be done? In what order? How to rescue the greatest number in the shortest amount of time? CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 19
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 3 cont. Make Decisions Keep in mind: Safety of CERT members Life safety for victims and others Protection of the environment Protection of property CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 20
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 3 cont. Develop Plan of Action Focus operation on established priorities and decisions Provide for documentation to give to responding agencies Provide for documentation to become part of CERT records CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 21
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 4 Take Action Based on plan developed during Step 3 CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 22
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Sizeup: Step 5 Review Most critical step Monitor plan’s effectiveness and safety CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 3: Disaster Medical Operations — Part 1
CERT Basic Training Unit 3: Disaster Medical Operations — Part 1
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Specific Safety Considerations Make rescuer safety primary concern Use a buddy system Be alert for hazards Use safety equipment Rotate teams CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 25
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Structural Voids X = Voids
If you see collapsed floors or walls, get out! X X X X Pancake Void X X ‘V’ Void X X = Voids Lean-to Void CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 26
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Structural Voids CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Individual Voids Spaces where victims may seek protection Bathtubs Underneath desks Inside cabinets Under/next to beds Inside closets CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings Upon entering search area: Make a slash Enter info Date Time In Time Out Areas Searched CERT I.D. Upon leaving search area: Complete ‘X’ Enter info Victims CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 29
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings What information do you mark when entering? Date Time In CERT I.D. CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 30
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings What information do you mark when exiting? Date Time In Time Out Areas Searched and Hazards CERT I.D. Victims CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 31
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings Example: 2/15/08 In: 1430 Out: 1515 FL 1-2 searched Stairs to FL-3 unsafe CERT-23 2L Moved to CERT-23 med ops CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 32
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 33
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Markings CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 34
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Video: Search & Rescue X-code (5:18)
CERT Basic Training Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
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Video: Search & Rescue X-code (5:18)
CERT Basic Training Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search & Rescue X-code decal CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 37
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Methodology Call out to victims, “If anyone can hear my voice, come here” Ask any victims for more information about the building or others who may be trapped Victims might be in shock or confused CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 38
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Methodology Bottom-up/top-down for a multi-story building Right wall/left wall for a single floor Stop frequently to listen CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 39
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Methodology Stop frequently to listen for: Tapping Movement Voices CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 40
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Methodology Triangulation allows rescuers to view a location from several perspectives CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 41
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Search Methodology Keep records of rescued victims and of those who remain trapped or are dead Report information to emergency services personnel (keep notes) CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 42
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Exterior Search Set up a grid search Set distance between searchers according to visibility and debris Overlap patterns for full coverage Search in as straight a line as possible Mark areas that have been searched CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 43
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Remove objects and debris to free victims and create safe rescue environment Triage victims Remove victims Remove debris CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 44
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Creating a Safe Environment Maintain rescuer safety Triage in lightly and moderately damaged buildings Evacuate victims as quickly as possible CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 45
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Precautions to Minimize Risk Know your limitations Follow safety procedures Remove debris by: Leveraging Cribbing CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 46
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Proper Lifting Procedures Back straight Bend knees Keep load close to body Push up with legs CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 47
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Leveraging and Cribbing For heavy lifting Performed in tandem Helps extricate victims Various materials and objects may be used CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 48
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Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
Video: Cribbing (8:19) CERT Basic Training Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
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Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
Video: Cribbing (8:19) 8:19 CERT Basic Training Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
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Exercise – Search & Rescue/Cribbing
CERT Basic Training, Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Two Types of Removal Self removal or assist Lifts and drags CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 52
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Which Extrication Method? General stability of the immediate environment Number of rescuers available Strength and ability of the rescuers Condition of victim CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 53
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
One-Person Arm Carry Lift around victim’s back and under knees Lift victim by keeping your own back straight and lifting with legs CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 54
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Pack-Strap Carry CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 55
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Two-Person Carry CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 56
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Chair Carry CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 57
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Blanket Carry CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 58
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Log Rolling CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 59
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Blanket/Tarp Drag CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 60
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Stretcher Fails CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 61
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Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
Video: Cribbing (16:32) 1:00 CERT Basic Training Unit 4 Disaster Medical Operations – Part 2
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Exercise- Lifts and Carries
CERT Basic Training, Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Unit Summary You should know: How to decide whether to attempt rescue The objectives of interior and exterior search and rescue How to perform search and rescue sizeup Building markings Rescue functions How to remove debris How to extricate victims CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 64
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Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations
Homework Assignment Read unit 7 Do homework handout Bring gear Wear normal clothing CERT Basic Training Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue Operations 65
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