1. PROGRESSIVE ERA 1890s-1920

2. ORIGINS OF PROGRESSIVE REFORM

3. Progressivism Progressivism WHEN? “Progressive Reform Era”
1901
1917
1920s
WHO? “Progressives”
urban middle-class: managers & professionals; women
WHY? Address the problems arising from:
industrialization (big business, labor strife)
urbanization (slums, political machines, corruption)
immigration (ethnic diversity)
inequality & social injustice (women & racism)

4. Progressivism Progressivism HOW? WHAT are their goals?
Democracy – government accountable to the people
Regulation of corporations & monopolies
Social justice – workers, poor, minorities
Environmental protection
HOW?
Government (laws, regulations, programs)
Efficiency
value experts, use of scientific study to determine the best solution
HOW MUCH?????
wikipedia

5. Origins of Progressivism
“Muckrakers”
Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives (1890)
Ida Tarbell – “The History of the Standard Oil Co.” (1902)
Lincoln Steffens – The Shame of the Cities (1904)
Wadsworth.com;
Ida Tarbell
Lincoln Steffens

6. STATE POLITICAL REFORM
secret ballots
direct primary
Robert M. LaFollette
Seventeenth Amendment (1913)
initiative
referendum
recall
reform
Wadsworth.com
Robert M. LaFollette, Wisconsin Governor

7. STATE POLITICAL REFORM
Voter Participation in Presidential Elections,

8. State Social Reforms STATE SOCIAL REFORMS professional social workers
settlement houses - education, culture, day care
child labor laws
Enable education & advancement for working class children
The Social Gospel
Tied the teachings of the church to the social problems caused by industrializaton.
Emphasized helping the poor and working to better society through reform.

9. State Social Reforms STATE SOCIAL REFORMS workplace & labor reforms
eight-hour work day
improved safety & health conditions in factories
workers compensation laws
minimum wage laws
unionization
child labor laws
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, 1913

10. Settlement Houses Settlement Houses Hull-House – Jane Addams
Hull House today: (1906 picture)
Jane Addams (1905)
Hull-House Complex in 1906

11. Temperance TEMPERANCE Temperance Crusade
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Frances Willard ( ), leader of the WCTU
Anti-Saloon League Campaign, Dayton

12. TEMPERANCE & PROHIBITION
Temperance and Prohibition
TEMPERANCE & PROHIBITION
Eighteenth Amendment
Henretta, America’s History 4e from
Prohibition on the Eve of the 18th Amendment, 1919

13. Roosevelt, Taft, & Wilson as Progressive presidents
NATIONAL REFORM
Roosevelt, Taft, & Wilson as Progressive presidents

14. Assassination of President McKinley, Sept 6, 1901
Description: Assassination of William McKinley. Czolgosz shoots President McKinley with a concealed revolver, at Pan-American Exposition reception, Sept. 6th, Keywords: Credit: Library of Congress

15. Theodore Roosevelt: the “accidental President” Republican (1901-1909)
Wadsworth.com (portrait and on horseback); Underwood and Underwood. Theodore Roosevelt Addressing a Crowd, Collection of The New-York Historical Society. PBS- American Photography
(The New-York Historical Society)

16. The Teddy Bear Rules 1902 Anthracite Coal Miners Strike “Square Deal”
Wadsworth.com (both)
Anthracite miners at Scranton, Pennsylvania, 1900

17. Consumer Protection Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
Wadsworth.com (stockyards, Meatpacking workers); Brinkley 11e Instructor Resource CD (The Jungle); Theodore Roosevelt cartoon "A nauseating job, but it must be done“; Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, published in 1906, prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to order an investigation of Sinclair's allegations about unsanitary practices. Roosevelt then used the results of that investigation to pressure Congress into approving new federal legislation to inspect meatpacking. (Utica Saturday Globe) Pageant 13e
Chicago Meatpacking Workers, 1905
"A nauseating job, but it must be done"

18. Theodore Roosevelt and Gifford Pinchot, 1907
Conservation
Used the Forest Reserve Act of 1891
U.S. Forest Service (1906)
John Muir
Theodore Roosevelt and Gifford Pinchot, 1907
Theodore Roosevelt and Gifford Pinchot, 1907; The two friends and allies in the conservation cause aboard the steamboat Mississippi on a 1907 tour with the Inland Waterways Commission. (Library of Congress)’; [Pageant 13e History Companion]
Description: Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir on Glacier Point, Yosemite Valley, California, c1906;Credit: Library of Congress;
Theodore Roosevelt & John Muir at Yosemite 1906

19. CONSERVATION: National Parks and Forests
Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;

20. William Howard Taft President 1909-13 Republican
This postcard depicts how President Theodore Roosevelt, in command of the Republican Party, persuaded his friend William Howard Taft to run for president in Taft was not eager for that office, but Roosevelt succeeded in convincing him to seek it. With Roosevelt's strong support, Taft was elected, but he proved a disappointment to Roosevelt. (Collection of Janice L. and David J. Frent)
Postcard with Taft cartoon

21. Taft’s Progressive Accomplishments
trust-busting
forest and oil reserves
Sixteenth Amendment
BUT: Caused split in Republican Party
(Taft has) “…completely twisted around the policies I advocated and acted upon.”
-Theodore Roosevelt

22. Election of 1912 Election of 1912 Woodrow Wilson
Progressive Party (“Bull Moose party”)
“New Nationalism”
Wilson: Wadsworth.com; Description: Theodore Roosevelt as an opera singer who wins the favor of "Miss Insurgency", while Robert La Follette watches in disgust. 03/18/1912. Artist, Berryman, Clifford K.;Credit: National Archives and Records Administration;
Woodrow Wilson
Theodore Roosevelt cartoon, March 1912

23. 1912 Presidential Election
wadsworth

24. Wilson’s Progressive Reforms Wilson
“New Freedom”
Underwood Simmons Tariff (1913)
Sixteenth Amendment (1913)
Federal Reserve Act (1913)
Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)
Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)
Wadsworth.com
Wilson at the peak of his power

25. Federal Reserve System
The Fed
Federal Reserve Act
Thomson Wadsworth.com

26. WOMEN & SUFFRAGE

27. Women WOMEN “women’s professions” “new woman” clubwomen
A local club for nurses was formed in New York City in Here the club members are pictured in their clubhouse reception area. (Photo courtesy of the Women's History and Resource Center, General Federation of Women's Clubs.)
The Women's Club of Madison, Wisconsin conducted classes in food, nutrition, and sewing for recent immigrants. (Photo courtesy of the Women's History and Resource Center, General Federation of Women's Clubs.)

28. Woman suffrage before 1920
Thomson Wadsworth Wadsworth.com

29. Women’s Suffrage Women’s Suffrage Alice Paul National Woman’s Party
Nineteenth Amendment
Equal Rights Amendment
Suffragette Banner 1918
Description: Women suffragists picketing in front of the White house. The first picket line - College day in the picket line line, 1917;Credit: Library of Congress.
Description: The 19th amendment; Credit: Library of Congress
19th Amendment
National Woman’s Party members picketing in front of the White House, 1917
(All: Library of Congress)

30. RACE RELATIONS

31. African-American Population (1920)
Black Population, 1920
Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;

32. African-American Leaders
African-Americans
African-American Leaders
Booker T. Washington
W.E.B. Du Bois
Niagara Movement
“talented tenth”
NAACP
BTW: Du Bois: Wadsworth.com
W.E.B. Du Bois
Booker T. Washington