1. MONOLAYER AND SUSUPENSION CELLS

2. WHAT IS CELL CULTURE ?
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment.
ADVANTAGES :
Development of cell line over many generations.
Scale-up is possible.
DISADVANTAGES :
Cells may loose some differentiated characteristics.

3. ANIMAL CELL CULTURE :
"Animal cell culture can be described as in vitro maintenance and propagation of animal cells using a suitable nutrient medium. Culturing is a process of growing animal cells artificially. The most important and essential step in animal cell culture is selecting appropriate growth medium for invitro cultivation..."

4. TWO BASIC SYSTEMS FOR GROWING CELLS IN CULTURE:
MONOLAYER CELLS/ ADHERENT CELLS .
SUSPENSION CELLS .

5. MONOLAYER CELLS: Also called ADHERENT OR ANCHORAGE -DEPENDENT CELLS.
They grow adhering to the cell culture.
They need a substrate for attachment.
Substrate needs to be CHARGED it will promote cell to cell interactions.
Charge can be provided by :
ELECTRIC ION DISCHARGER.
GAMMA IRRADIATIONS.
COATING WITH DIVALENT CATION.
Growth is controlled by CONTACT INHIBITION.
The Adherent cells are usually derived from tissues of organs such as kidney where they are immobile and embedded in connective tissue.
All the VERTEBRATE CELLS are anchorage dependent.

6. SUSPENSION CELLS : Also known as ANCHORAGE INDEPENDENT CELLS.
These cells do not requires substrate for attachment.
Do not attach to the surface of the culture vessels.
Growth is controlled by DENSITY LIMITATION.
All suspension cultures are derived from cells of the blood system because these cells are also suspended in plasma in vitro e.g. lymphocytes.
Continues cell lines (cancer cells) are anchorage independent.

7. 1) These cells first attaches to the substrate only then they grow.
( MONOLAYER CELLS )
( SUSPENSION CELLS )
1) These cells first attaches to the substrate only then they grow.
1) These cells do not requires substrate for attachment.
2) These cells needs a charged substrate.
2) They do not requires a charged substrate.
3) Growth is controlled by contact inhibition.
3) Growth is controlled by density limitation.
4) Cells are dissociated enzymatically or mechanically.
4) Does not require enzymatic or mechanical dissociation.
5) Requires tissue-culture treated vessel.
5) Can be maintained in culture vessels that are not tissue-culture treated, but requires agitation for adequate gas exchange.
6) Used for cytology, harvesting products continuously, and many research applications.
6) Used for bulk protein production, batch harvesting, and many research applications.
7)All vertebrate cell lines are anchorage dependent.
7) Continues cell lines are anchorage independent.